美容師專業成長之研究：Tough的自我導向學習觀點

A Study On The Professional Growth Of Beauticians: An Aspect Of Self-Directed Learning

鄭淑慧(Shu-Hui Cheng)

指導教授 ： 李雅慧

國立中正大學/教育學院/成人及繼續教育學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本研究主要以Tough的自我導向學習觀點，探討美容師如何達成專業成長內涵之情形。研究者先了解台灣美容業的演進與美容師專業養成的概況，進而以美容師自我導向學習之歷程，建構專業成長的方式。本研究的目的如下：
一、探討美容師專業成長的內涵。
二、探討美容師藉由Tough的自我導向學習計畫而促進專業成長之內涵。
三、透過本研究結果，提供美容師、專業領域人士培養自我導向學習的能力，促進專業成長之建議與參考。
本研究透過質性研究法，並針對十二位專業美容師進行半結構式訪談。本研究獲得以下結論：
壹、美容師專業成長內涵的方面
一、美容師在專業知識的訓練內涵中，除了基本的學習內容外，更趨向於多元化的在職訓練。
二、醫學美容的時代，美容師專業技能的優勢為護膚，主要著重「問題肌膚」的處理與「術後保養」的調理。
三、美容師透過溝通、傾聽與尊重的專業態度做為顧客在心靈上的舒緩劑。
四、在美容師工作的情境中，專業成長的知識、技能、態度與服務因交互作用而同時發生。
貳、美容師自我導向學習的方面
一、學習歷程不再是線性學習型態，而是依個人的需求逐步進行規劃。
二、美容師的專業養成訓練，不再只限於正規教育，更包含了非正規教育與非正式的學習環境中。
三、職場上有問題點發生時，是學習者自我導向學習的起始點。
四、美容師透過營業績效瞭解其學習成果。
五、職場中的經驗不僅有助於學習，也是評鑑學習成果的要素。
六、家庭、時間、年齡與體力等因素通常是女性繼續學習的阻礙。
參、美容師自我導向學習而促進專業成長的方面
一、證照是專業的基本門檻，然而技術經驗的累積是專業成長不可或缺的一環。
二、「親身體驗」的學習方式有助於提升專業知能。
三、美容師三大工作類型：大型連鎖公司、直銷公司、個人工作室。
(一) 不一樣事業體系有不同的學習歷程：來自於大型連鎖公司是時間導向；直銷公司是市場佔有率導向；個人工作室是自我導向。
(二) 不一樣事業體系有不同的專業成長領域：大型連鎖公司是經營方針；直銷公司是推出的新產品；個人工作室是配合產品的公司。
(三) 不一樣事業體系有不同的工作技巧：大型連鎖公司是接待技巧；直銷公司是銷售技巧；個人工作室是行銷技巧。
關鍵字：美容師、專業成長、自我導向學習

關鍵字

自我導向學習 ； 專業成長 ； 美容師

並列摘要

Aiming at the aspect of self-directed learning, this study tends to discuss the professional growth process of beauticians. The researchers first understand the evolution of beauty industry in Taiwan as well as the professional growth of beauticians and further construct the professional growth model with the self-directed learning process of beauticians. The research purposes are listed as below.
1. To discuss the beautician professional growth process and contents.
2. To discuss the professional growth process of beauticians with self-directed learning.
3. The research outcomes are provided suggestions and reference for beauticians and professionals cultivating self-directed learning capability and enhancing professional growth.
With Qualitative Study, semi-structural interviews are preceded with twelve professional beauticians. The following conclusions are summarized.
I. In terms of the professional growth process and contents of beauticians
1. In addition to basic learning contents, the contents of the professional knowledge training for beauticians should approach diverse on-the-job trainings.
2. In such a time of medical cosmetology, the strength of professional competence for beauticians is considered as skincare which focuses on the treatment of problem skin and the after-surgery care.
3. With communication, listening, and respectful attitude, beauticians play the role of mental demulcent.
4. In the working situation, the knowledge, competence, attitude, and service of beauticians for the professional growth interact at the same time.
II. In regard to the self-directed learning process of beauticians
1. The learning process is no long a linear learning, but is gradually carried on the plan according to individual needs.
2. The professional growth trainings for beauticians are not simply restricted in formal education, but contain non-formal education and informal learning environments.
3. When there are any problems in the workplace, it is regarded as the starting point of self-directed learning for learners.
4. Beauticians can realize the learning outcomes with the operating performance.
5. The experiences in the workplace not only can help learning, but is a key factor in evaluating learning outcomes.
6. The factors of family, time, age, and strength are considered as the general obstructions of continuous learning for females.
III. In terms of enhancing the professional growth process of beauticians with self-directed learning
1. Certificates are regarded as the basic threshold of professional where the accumulation of technical skills is the key in professional growth.
2. The learning style of “own experience” can contribute to promoting professional competence.
3. The three work styles of beauticians: large-scale chain companies, direct selling companies, and studios.
(1) Different enterprise systems appear distinct learning processes: They are regarded as time orientation in large-scale chain companies, market share orientation in direct selling companies, and self-orientation in studios.
(2) Various enterprise systems present different professional growths: Large-scale chain companies focus on operational policies, direct selling companies on promoting new products, and studios on matching up products.
(3) Different enterprise systems reveal various work skills: Large-scale chain companies show on reception skills, direct selling companies on sales skills, and studios on marketing skills.
Keyword: beauticians, professional growth, self-directed learning

並列關鍵字

self-directed learning ； professional growth ； beauticians

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