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  • 學位論文

台灣金控與非金控銀行效率與生產力─金融風暴前後之實證探討

The Efficiency and Productivity of Taiwanese Financial and Non-Financial Holding Company ─ The Empirical Detection during Pre- and Post- Financial Crisis

指導教授 : 劉定焜
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摘要


近年來,鑒於金融產業在國際間的競爭日趨劇烈、金融自由化及金融創新的衝擊下,我國金融環境面臨重大改革,促使金融機構須透過購併改善績效及強化國際競爭力。在國內,受到歐洲、美國及日本銀行購併趨勢的刺激,加上金融產業於1990年後開始,陸續開放新銀行成立及鬆綁相關金融管制措施,以順應金融自由化潮流,並致力金融效率的提升。但因新銀行成立,造成台灣金融企業家數驟增,金融市場出現供過於求的超飽和窘境,故政府於民國2000年起相繼公布「金融機構合併法」、「企業併購法」及「金融控股公司法」,期望藉由購併整合的手段,提升我國金融機構的競爭力,並改善過度競爭現象。因此,台灣金融產業是否能透過金融改革使銀行資源使用更具效率,是值得予以探討的議題。 由於以往文獻研究期間多著重於金融風暴前的探討 (廖桂櫻,2008;張永青,2008與朱炫璉、吳志銘,2009),且過去文獻也因金控成立不久,取得的年度期間資料有限。因此,本研究建構2003年第一季至2012第三季共39季,國內12家金控子銀行及10家非金控銀行企業別 (firm-level panel data)。首先,本研究運用資料包絡分析法 (data envelopment analysis, DEA) 求算效率值,比較金控子銀行與非金控銀行之經營效率,並使用麥氏生產力 (malmquist productivity index, MPI) 衡量金控子銀行與非金控銀行生產力變動情形。本文納入過去文獻鮮少採用之評比機構評估銀行所使用之績效變數,使用了核心存款 (活期存款及定期存款) 及放款及貼現。其次,將效率值及麥氏生產力運用四象限圖比較分析。相較於過去的研究,本研究有較完整的研究期間,並進行金融風暴前後績效與生產力差異的比較,以期提供相關資訊予政府機關、金融機構及投資大眾決策擬定,與後續研究者具價值之參考。 實證結果顯示在運用DEA求算效率值中,金控與非金控銀行各項效率值在金融風暴後都相對金融風暴前好,由此可知金融風暴後各家銀行於經營效率上確實有所提升,也達到最適生產規模狀態。進一步使用Malmquist生產力指數衡量銀行生產力變動情形,結果顯示金控子銀行較非金控銀行有較佳的生產力成長。

並列摘要


Recently, financial industries are more competitive and under the impact of financial liberalization and financial innovation, the domestic financial environment has changed. Therefore, financial institutions should improve performance and strengthen international competitiveness through merger. In Taiwan, merger trends stimulate by banks of Europe, U.S.A and Japanese. In 1990, the authorities allow to set up new banks and loosing relevant finance controlling to make the trend of financial liberalization, and to improve financial efficiency. However, the establishment of new banks, that causes too many financial institutions in Taiwan. Therefore, the government declares “Financial Institutions Merger Act”, “Merger and Acquisition Act”, and “Financial Holding Company Act” in 2000 and 2001, and expects that merger integration can upgrade the competitiveness of financial institutions and improve the phenomenon of over competition. Hence, Taiwan''s financial industry whether through financial reform has more efficient of using resources, are issues that worthy to be discussed. Most of the past literatures are focus on pre-financial crisis studies, for example Liao (2008), Jang (2008), Jhu and Wu (2009). And the financial holding company sets up shortly, so the length of data is limited. Hence this study aims to build firm-level panel data among 10 financial and 12 non-financial holding company form the first quarter in 2003 to the third quarter in 2012. First, this study uses the data envelopment analysis to calculate the efficiency value to compare with financial and non-financial holding company operating efficiency. Further by using the malmquist productivity index to measure of productivity change. This study takes into core deposit (demand deposits and time deposits) of appraised organization using performance variables that rare discuss in previous literatures. Second, This study uses four-quadrant diagram of efficiency value and malmquist productivity index. Compare with previous studies, this study extension of the period and with more detailed variables. We hope the empirical results would provide some valuable information for government, firms, investors and the further study. The empirical results show that when using DEA to calculate the efficiency values, post-financial crisis are superior to pre-financial crisis. As a whole, all banks improve operating efficiency, and achieve optimal scale of production status. Further by using the malmquist productivity index, the results show that financial holding companies productivity growth are superior to non-financial holding companies.

參考文獻


方嘉閩 (2010)。台灣、中國之銀行績效分析。未出版碩士論文,國立台灣大學社會科學院國家發展所碩士論文,台北市。
朱炫璉、吳志銘 (2009)。台灣金融控股組織對銀行效率之影響。台灣管理學刊,9 (1) ,97-114。
江淑玲、張佳萱 (2008)。併入金控公司對銀行業經營效率影響之分析。創新與管理,6(1),89-118。
何文榮、詹益郎、邱文鑑 (2008)。非金控體系銀行業經營績效之探討─以DEA與MPI模型評估。全球管理與經濟,4(2),15-44。
杜玉振、涂登才、林東和與蔡知敏 (2007)。同業、異業購併與金融控股公司之營運綜效。台灣金融財務季刊,8(1),1-28。

被引用紀錄


林永耀(2014)。金融風暴對兩岸銀行效率與生產力影響之探討〔碩士論文,朝陽科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0078-2611201410182324
吳敬堯(2015)。台灣地區銀行經營績效比較分析-政府房市管控措施前後之實證探討〔碩士論文,國立中央大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0031-0412201512034902
李盈君(2016)。智慧資本、效率與生產力- ECFA早收與非早收名單產業在ECFA實施前後之差異比較〔碩士論文,朝陽科技大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0078-1108201714023849

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