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  • 學位論文

TQM與公司能力對競爭優勢及經營績效的影響

THE IMPACTS OF TQM AND FIRM’S CAPABILITY ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE AND BUSINESS PERFORMANCE

指導教授 : 葉焜煌
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摘要


過去二十年來,TQM可以說是一種最受廣泛重視的經營理念,工業化國家也伴隨國家品質獎的成立,使得企業界更積極推動實施TQM;雖然陸續有一些有關TQM對企業績效的影響之研究,但並沒有一致的結論。故思考除了推動實施TQM的經營理念之外,公司所具備的能力可能也是影響企業績效的重要因素。因此,本研究將實施TQM的做法與公司所具備的能力結合,探討二者對企業經營績效的影響。 本研究以經濟部標準檢驗局網站通過ISO 9000認證的企業為研究對象,包括電子、機械、化學、電器、食品等類,共計700家廠商,作為本研究問卷發放之樣本,回收129份問卷,回收率達18.4%,有效問卷率為121份,有效問卷回收率為17.2%。利用SPSS 12版統計型軟體與AMOS 6.0之統計軟體進行資料分析並建立結構方程模型分析。 研究結果顯示:實施 TQM的做法對企業競爭優勢及經營績效有顯著的影響,公司所具備的能力也對其競爭優勢及經營績效有顯著的影響;但顧客滿意無正向影響經營績效,因此台灣製造業廠商如果想要提升經營績效,就應該結合公司所具備的三種能力與施行全面品質管理。本研究建議:有關公司能力方面,須強化以下的做法:1.研發能力;2.製造能力;3.行銷能力。在施行全面品質管理方面,必須強化如下的做法:1.經營理念與策略;2. 研發與產品設計;3.人力發展與知識管理;4. 資訊策略、應用與管理;5. 流程管理;6. 供應商管理。藉由這些做法,以期達到更佳的經營績效。本研究建議台灣製造業廠商為了穩健不衰擁有持續性的競爭優勢,應該致力於結合公司所具備的三種能力並實踐全面品質管理,讓企業得以永續經營與成功不墜。

並列摘要


The importance of TQM in business organizations has increased significantly over the past 20 years. Being one of the most popular management philosophies, with the help of many industrialized countries providing national awards to its enterprises with high-quality achievements, enterprises have now become more and more pro-active in implementing the management philosophy of TQM. Although studies were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of TQM on enterprises’ performance improvements, no consistent conclusions were formed. In this study, we adopted the enterprises which have been approved by ISO 9000 certification published on the website of The Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection (BSMI) under the Ministry of Economic Affairs as research objects. We send out 700 questionnaires, and then return 129 questionnaires; response rate 18.4%, and valid questionnaire 121, valid questionnaire response rate 17.2%. Since we adopted postal collective data method, the response rate is lower. The results showed: the implementation of TQM practices has significant impact on competitive advantage and business performance, and companies with the better ability and competitive advantage will have higher business performance; but customer satisfaction hasn’t positive impact on business performance, so manufacturers in Taiwan should obtain their capabilities and implement TQM to improve business performance. This study suggests that: company shall strengthen the following practices in order: 1. Manufacturing capability; 2. Marketing capability; 3. R & D capability. In the implementation of TQM, the practice must be strengthened in order as follows: 1. Process management; 2. Human development and knowledge management; 3. Research and develop and product design; 4. Management philosophy and strategy; 5. Supplier management; 6. Information strategy applications and management.

參考文獻


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