工業設計專業能力職前自我評估量表之研究

近年來，賦予品牌產品生命及價值的「設計研發」能力，已然成為產業升級的關鍵之一，而「工業設計」能力實為產業界賴以轉型、提升與改善競爭力之一大利器。然而，近來之研究與報導卻指出現今國內的工業設計新進人才職能明顯不足，故本研究欲發展一自我評估量表，可以評估工業設計人才在進入職場前的職能狀況，分析設計人才的各項職能水準。本研究先從過去相關文獻中，藉由文獻分析與專家訪談整理歸納出工業設計人員之能力範疇與指標，再運用灰關聯方法將能力範疇做權重分析，並將其運用在品質機能展開法之中，取得各指標間相對權重。接著將指標轉換成問項，形成一份具有70個問項的量表，最終建立出一份評估量表。經灰關聯分析結果顯示，在能力範疇部分，首重人格特質，其次為造型能力與創新設計能力，最後才是其他專業技能與知識。在品質機能展開的分析結果，能力指標中第一名為洞察力敏銳度，而第二名為表達溝通能力，第三名則為自我品質要求，以上結果皆與產業界的現實狀況相似，顯示能力範疇與能力指標之設定在合理範圍。在研究驗證方面，本研究使用這份量表，針對職前之大學生共211位實施問卷調查，結果顯示工業設計能力指標（Industrial Design Ability Index, IDAI）平均分數與年級數成正比，表示年級越高年級越具備完善的工業設計能力，此結果亦進一步顯示本量表之合理性極高。故本量表之產出，應可做為企業或學校評量工業設計能力的指標，幫助評量新進設計師的工業設計能力。

關鍵字

工業設計；自我評估；品質機能展開法；工業設計能力指標

並列摘要

In recent years, the design and development capabilities, which provided products with vitality and value, had　 become one of the key factors in transforming and upgrading enterprises. Also, the industrial design ability had become a powerful weapon in enhancing business competitiveness. However, the news and academic reports in recent years had all indicated a lack of capabilities y among new industrial designers in Taiwan. Therefore, this study aimed at developing a self-assessment scale to evaluate the pre-service capabilities of ID students and it was found to be useful also in analyzing the ability levels of professional designer after the self-assessment scale was established. According to literature review and interviews with experts, this study summarized the categories and indicators of professional abilities of industrial designers. Next, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was applied for analyzing these categories and indicators, then the weight between these indicators were determined through the method of Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Finally, these indicators were further transferred into questions to become a pre-service self-assessment scale with 70 items, named IDAI questionnaire. The results of GRA showed that among our ability categories, personality trait was ranked at the first priority, then followed by forming and creative abilities.　In addition, the result of QFD analysis showed that in terms of ability indicators, the degree of insightful nimbleness is was ranked at the first priority, then followed by the degrees of communication savvy and self-demanding. These results were identical to the reality in industries, which implied that the ability categories and indicators defined through this research were applicable practically. In validation, The IDAI questionnaire was utilized in surveying 211 students. The results indicated that the average score was in compliance with their grades, i.e. the students of higher grades had better IDAI scores averagely. Therefore, this research concluded s that the self-assessment scale is applicable in industries as an indicator for companies to test new applicants of design 　department, or for design schools to evaluate the ID ability of their graduating students.