- 期刊
產品生命週期與產業空洞化－臺灣電子電器業之實證研究
Product Life Cycle and Industrial Hollowing-Out - an Empirical Study of the Electric and Electronics Industry of Taiwan
摘要
本文從Vernon（1966）的產品生命週期理論（the product cycle theory）著眼，來詮釋個別產業的空洞化。該理論描述產品經歷從新創、技術成熟到生產標準化的階段，其生產地點隨產品生命階段之不同而持續移轉。對單一國家特定產業而言，其所生產的產品項目亦應不斷汰舊更新。當其產品更迭的速度減慢甚至停止時，代表其技術進步趨緩、生產活動減弱，就可能發生了產業空洞化。根據此一推論，本文修正應用Feenstra et al. (1999) CES出口函數模型指數分析法，觀察我國電子電器業在外人大量投資的1980年代與對外投資快速成長的1990年代，出口產品結構提升與產品更迭速度的變化俾檢驗我國電子電器產業是否已出現空洞化。研究結果顯示，1990年代我國電子電器業在產品結構與更迭速度上並未惡化，在品質改善和產品更新速度上具有優勢的次產業（sub-industries）的比率與1980年代大致相同。但就整體產業觀察，1990年代產品品質雖仍持續提升，產品更新速度卻有減弱現象，值得注意。
並列摘要
This paper investigates whether the huge size of overseas direct investment of Taiwan’s electric and electronics industry in the 1990s has caused its hollowing-out. According to Vernon’s product life cycle theory, with the maturity of production technology, the production site of a product will move from where it is innovated, first to other developed countries, and then to developing countries. It also implies that the product content of an industry in a particular country will continue to change. If the product turnover of the industry slows down, it may indicate that hollowing-out has occurred. The product turnover index and the product mix index are computed for Taiwan’s electric and electronics industry by applying the index model developed from a CES import function in Feenstra et al. (1999). The former is to measure the rate of entering new product areas in terms of dropping out of old products; and the latter is to measure the product structure change. We find that compared with product turnover in the 1980s, a period with large inward foreign direct investment, the hollowing-out effect does not seem to appear in the 1990s for the industry.