透過您的圖書館登入
IP:3.143.205.169
  • 期刊
  • OpenAccess

楚簡「楚先」、「三楚先」及〈離騷〉「三后」所指稱的對象

The Denotation of "Chuxian", "Sanchuxian" in the Chu Bamboo Slips, and "Sanhou" in Lisao

摘要


「楚先」及「三楚先」是楚簡中常見的祭禱對象,其涵義等相關問題,看似單純,實則頗爲複雜,學界亦尚無定論。本文認爲,楚簡的「穴酓」,即〈楚世家〉之「穴熊」,其與「□酓」(鬻熊)並非一人。「楚先」應該是指鬻熊以前的所有楚國先祖,「穴熊」亦在其列。「三楚先」則爲「楚先」中特定的三位重要先祖,由楚簡及文獻兩方面來看,應以「老童、祝融、鬻熊」當之的可能性最大。另外,〈離騷〉「三后」即楚簡「三楚先」之說無法成立,「三后」也不會是指其他楚先王,將「三后」的「三」視爲虛數,亦較不妥當。無論從《楚辭》「用語習慣」、〈離騷〉上下文等各方面來看,王逸以「禹、湯、文王」爲「三后」的意見,都是比較恰當的。

關鍵字

楚簡 楚先 三楚先 離騷 三后

並列摘要


”Chuxian” and ”sanchuxian” are common sacrifice objects in the Chu bamboo slips, whose denotation and correlative questions seem simple, in reality are quite complex, the academic circle also still do not have a final conclusion.This article argued that ”Xueyan” in the Chu bamboo slips is namely ”Xuexiong”, but is not ”Yuxiong” in Chushijia. ”Chuxian” should mean all the Chu state ancestors before ”Yuxiong”, including ”Xuexiong”. ”Sanchuxian” are the specific three important ancestors among ”chuxian”, according to the Chu bamboo slips and the literature, most possible are ”Laotong, Zhurong, Yuxiong”.In addition, the opinion that ”sanhou” in Lisao are ”sanchuxian” in the Chu bamboo slips, is not tenable, ”sanhou” are also not the other deceased kings of the Chu state, or speaking without specific number. According to the wording custom of Chuci, the context of Lisao, etc., Wang Yi's opinion that ”sanhou” are ”Yu, Tang, Wengwang”, is quite appropriate.

並列關鍵字

the Chu bamboo slips chuxian sanchuxian Lisao sanhou

參考文獻


漢毛亨傳、漢鄭玄箋、唐孔穎達正義(1993)。十三經注疏本:毛詩正義。臺北:藝文印書館。
漢司馬遷撰、南朝宋裴駰集解、唐司馬貞索隱、唐張守節正義(1997)。史記。北京:中華書局。
漢班固撰、唐顏師古注(1995)。漢書。北京:中華書局。
宋洪興祖補注(2000)。楚辭補注。臺北:藝文印書館。
晉杜預集解、唐孔穎達正義(1993)。十三經注疏本:春秋左傳正義。臺北:藝文印書館。

延伸閱讀