標準必要專利法制發展及對應策略

Realize and Face the Legal Issues of the Standard Essential Patent

劉憶成

《科技法律透析》 28卷8期 (2016/08) Pp. 51-72

摘要

近年來產業全球化與國際化的趨勢，參與「標準制定組織」為重要關鍵之一。對此，我國產業早已開始積極參與技術標準組織的各項活動，希望可以藉此瞭解國際標準應用發展趨勢，並掌握技術標準制定的主動權。而103年行政院5G發展產業策略會議即希望推動成立「台灣通訊標準聯盟」，建構區域型標準，期成為通訊特定子領域標準制定的關鍵第三方。 此外，國際上業已針對第五代通信技術之技術標準進行研議。2013年12月底歐盟執委會(代表公部門)與5G基礎設施協會(代表私部門)共同成立5GPPP(5G Public-Private Partnership)，希冀藉此在未來的十年內，對下一世代的無所不在的通信建設提出解決方案、基礎建設、技術與標準。而我國產業亦希望藉由此機會，參與第五代通信技術標準的研發並期待有機會參與相關標準制定。產業或法人研究機構進行應用研究與前瞻技術研發時，分別從作為標準制定組織會員及作為標準必要專利授權實施人而涉及不同議題。故本文將分別從標準制定組織之相關規定，及國際間相關司法案例發展趨勢進行說明，並對產業運用研發成果參與技術標準時，應如何適用我國法規適用及因應國際趨勢，進行作法分析與建議。

關鍵字

標準必要專利 ； 公平合理且不歧視 ； 專利 ； 授權 ； 標準制定

並列摘要

In the era of Industrial globalization, a lot of products sold worldwide and we use in our everyday lives, such as computers, smartphones and tablets connecting to the internet via standardized wireless technologies would not be compatible without standardized technologies. However, some cases show standards also can be misused. Accordingly, how to regulate the licenses of standard essential patents (SEPs) and the issuance of the injunctions related to the infringement of the SEPs are now important issues on which the standard setting organizations, the technology industries, and the policy makers focus. Base on the aforementioned facts, this paper mainly focuses on two parts: the intellectual property right policies or patent policies of the standard setting organizations (SSOs) and the recent Court decisions from European Union (EU), some European countries and United States of America (USA). In the first part, the paper emphasizes the main compositions in the IP or patent policies especially the license terms such as FRAND promises. In the second part, the paper summarizes the conclusions and conditions that the courts has made, for example, what essential conditions should be fulfilled if the owners of SEPs would like to get the injunctions to prevent from the infringement of the SEPs . The paper finally tries to find the useful and practical legal strategies for the licensees who desire to implement the SEPs and the licensors who owns SEPs.

並列關鍵字

patent ； FRAND promises ； standard setting organizations ； standard essential patents ； injunction

參考文獻

WIPO, Report of 13th Session of Standing Committee on The Law of Patents, http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/scp/en/ scp_13/scp_13_2.pdf (last visited Apr. 18, 2016).

U.S. Department of Justice,Federal Trade Commission(2007).Antitrust Enforcement And Intellectual Property Rights: Promoting Innovation And Competition.,未出版.

行政院科技會報，http://www.bost.ey.gov.tw/Upload/UserFiles/14-經濟部結論.pdf (最後瀏覽日：2016/04/20)。

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IEEE網站：https://www.ieee.org/index.html?WT.mc_id=hpf_logo (last visited May 25, 2016).