The mainlanders, moved to Taitung from 1940s to 1960s, were distributed over Taitung County from the northern end of Changbin and Chihshang Townships to the southern end of Dawu and Daren Townships. They were even distributed in the outlying islands of Green Island and Orchid Island. Mainlanders, lived in Taitung County, had been accounted for 15% of the total population of Taitung County; however, due to the emigration and demise of the population, combined with some of them married with aboriginals, the identity of the second-generations had been changed into aboriginals. Therefore, the population of mainlanders was gradually reduced. The major aim in this study is the settlement distributions and housing types of mainlanders. According to the geographical area and their occupations or tasks, it was found in Taitung County that the settlement distributions of the first generation of the mainlanders can be divided into five categories; whereas according to the time evolution and the policy setting, the housing types can be divided into seven categories.