社區老人用藥團體教育之成效

Effectiveness of the Group Education on Drug Use for the Elderly in Community

黃璉華(Lian-Hua Huang)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 15卷3期 (1996/06) Pp. 197-207

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1996-15-03-03

摘要

老年人尚於較高的罹病率對藥物使用需求較高，使老人面臨較多的用藥問題。相關研究文獻顯示，適當的護理指導、用藥教育介入對老人用藥常識和用藥行為有正面影響，因此實需針對社區老人用藥的問題設計護理指導教育，以增進老人用藥常識，改善用藥行為。
本研究採前實驗設計，以團體方式進行護理指導，提供老人一般性用藥教育，評估對老人用藥知識及行為的成效。研究對象為台灣北區65歲以上自願參與之老人127人，於護理指導前後進行測試，所得資料以SPSS電腦軟體進行統計分析處理。
研究結果顯示參與者的教育程度比一般老人高，其用藥常識的前測總平約分為12.88±2.25，為總分15分的85±15%，經團體護理指導介入後測進步為13.54±1.54。用藥行為的前測總平約分為51.07±6.20，為總分64分的80±9%，後測改善為54.02±5.68，配對t檢定呈現顯著的差異。可見團體護理指導能增進老人用藥常識，並改善用藥行為。其中以老人遵從用藥常識效果較佳。五個不同地區學習效果亦不同，鄉村老人遵從用藥常識接受護理指導後呈現統計上的顯著差異，而鄉村及城市參與衛教的老人用藥行為皆得到改善。建議可對類似疾病老人予以省時省力的團體用藥指導。

關鍵字

老人 ； 用藥團體教育 ； 成效

並列摘要

Due to a higher morbidity rate and a greater need for medications, the elderly are at a high risk for problems with medications. Literature on intervention strategies related to the medication problems of the elderly proved that education for the elderly does make a significant effect. The elderly who received this education had a greater knowledge of medication and made fewer medication errors. Medication education for the elderly in the community is an urgent need.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing intervention via group teaching strategy for the elderly in the community. The pre-experimental design was chosen for this study. The subjects included 127 volunteers over 65 years of age in Northern Taiwan. Data from pre-and post-teaching were collected and analyzed via SPSS computer software.
The research findings revealed that the participants' education level were higher than general elderly. The mean score of medication knowledge in pre-test was 12.88±2.25 (85 ± 15% of the total scores). It was improved to 13.54± 1.54 in post-test. The mean score of medication behavior in pre-test was 51.07 ± 6.20 (80±9% of the total scores). After group teaching, it was improved to 54.02± 5.68 and paired t-test had significant differences. Group teaching can improve the elderly's medication knowledge and medication behavior. The effectiveness of group medication education in the five areas was different. Group medication education was effective for both rural and urban elderly people, elderly people in the rural area had significant differences in comply with taking medicine. It is recommended that group teaching could be provided for the elderly with similar disease in a more systematic way.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； group medication education ； effectiveness