田口法在自行車結構與其避震器之最佳化研究

An optimum research on the structure and shock absorber of the bicycle based on Taguchi Method

陳泓仁(Hong-Ren Chen)

指導教授 ： 田自力

國立虎尾科技大學/工程學院/機械與機電工程研究所/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6827/NFU.2010.00046

摘要

本文分為靜態模擬與動態模擬兩大部份，一為靜態模擬，應用田口方法來探討自行車結構的安全設計，在滿足限定條件與目標函數之最佳化設計問題。其設計目的在於求得的最大應力值不得高於材料的降伏應力值之限制條件。實施方法，首先選擇適當直交表來規劃設計參數之值，結合有限元素套裝軟體ANSYS Workbench，分析自行車骨架各部份所受的應力值，並且應用信號/雜音(S/N；Signal to Noise Ratio)來評估目標函數的設計性能是否符合限制條件，再由控制因子效果分析及變異數分析，來確認設計參數對目標函數影響程度。最後以A因子圓柱直徑作為調整因子，將尺寸調整至19.91mm，使得結構應力值下降至安全範圍。二為動態模擬，使用ADAMS軟體針對自行車避震器使用牛頓疊代數值方法，以國際標準ISO 2631振動對人體舒適性的評估，尋找自行車在騎乘時對人體舒適度的影響之最佳避震器參數設計，經過12次疊代後求得避震器參數為k1=13938.58 N/m、c1=664.04 N-s/m、k2=70072.46 N/m、c2=3089.98 N-s/m。最後以田口方法驗證參數是否為避震器最佳參數，其中田口驗證之水準取得為數值方法取得的最佳參數的±3％、±6％。

關鍵字

田口法 ； 牛頓疊代 ； 自行車

並列摘要

Abstract
This article is divided into static stimulation and dynamic stimulation. For static stimulation, Taguchi method is applied to study a safety design of a bicycle structure which meets qualification and objective function of optimum design problems. The purpose of this design is to reach the requirement that the maximum stress value should not be higher than material yield stress value. Regarding implementing measure, first, orthogonal array is applied to define parameter, combining with finite element software, ANSYS Workbench, to analyze the stress value of each part of bicycle skeleton. Also, S/N；Signal to Noise Ratio is practiced to evaluate if designed objective functions can meet qualifications. Through factor effect analysis and variance analysis, it’s to confirm the impact of design parameter to objective function. Finally, A factor cylindrical diameter as the adjustment factor will be size adjusted to 19.91mm, making the structure down to a safe range of stress. For dynamic stimulation, with use of ADAMS software for a shock absorber of a bicycle which is using Newton Raphson Method, and that is to learn the influence of vibration to comfort of human’s body, which is evaluated by international standard ISO 2631. The optimum shock absorber function design can be obtained, which is for defining the influence to comfort of human’s body when riding a bicycle, after 12 iterations obtained after the shock parameters k1=13938.58 N/m, c1=664.04 N-s/m, k2=70072.46 N/m, c2=3089.98 N-s/m. Finally, Taguchi method is applied to verify if the parameter is the optimum for shock absorber. The result is that the parameter obtained from Taguchi method is ±3％、±6％ of the once acquired from Numerical Methods.

並列關鍵字

Taguchi Methods ； Newton Raphson Method ； bike

參考文獻

參考文獻

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