成年人純音聽力圖型之盛行率

背景：以往的觀念指出聽力退化會先以高頻聽力喪失來表現，但臨床上的觀察並非皆如此。本篇研究將探討成年人純音聽力圖型之差異及盛行率。方法：收集本院自2006年1月至2009年4月期間，1999份門診正常聽力或對稱的感音神經性聽損者成人純音聽力圖型，以K-means叢聚分析法分析各類聽力圖型之盛行率，並分析不同聽損程或性別對於聽力圖型的影響。結果：經叢聚分析法可將聽力圖型客觀分為11種不同的類型。不同程度的聽力損傷，所呈現出來的聽力圖形，也截然不同。我們發現在“聽力正常組”中，「平坦」、「極微的向下傾斜」和「上升型」是最普遍的圖型；“輕度聽損組”以「8k下降型」、「中凸型併8k下降型」和「輕度向下傾斜」，最為常見；“中度聽損組”以「輕度向下傾斜」、「8k下降型」和「中度向下傾斜型」；“重度聽損組”以「極微的向下傾斜」、「輕度的向下傾斜」和「中度的向下傾斜」。聽力圖型的分佈，每一聽損組間具有顯著地差異。此外，男女性也會呈現出不同的聽力圖型。結論：成年人的純音聽力圖型並非完全一樣，在些人的低頻的聽力會較高頻的聽力先喪失，或與高頻的聽力同時喪失。聽力圖的圖型，則會顯著地受到聽力程度及性別的影響。

關鍵字

純音聽力圖；成年人；盛行率；聽力程度；性別

並列摘要

BACKGROUND: In general, peripheral hearing deteriorates more quickly and severely in the high frequencies. However, it is not true clinically. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of adult audiogram patterns.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 1999 audiometric data of adult outpatient subjects with normal or symmetric sensorineural hearing impairment were collected. The audiogram patterns, classified by a novel and objective K-means cluster analysis methods, were analyzed in each hearing levels groups and both genders.RESULTS: There came 11 ideal audiogram patterns by K-means cluster analysis. The audiogram patterns changed in people with different hearing levels. We found that flat, minimal sloping, and rising types were most prevalent in normal hearing group; 8 k dip, peaked 8 K dip, and mild sloping were most prevalent in mild hearing-impaired group; mild sloping, 8 k dip, and moderate sloping were most prevalent in moderate hearing-impaired group; minimal sloping, mild sloping. and moderate sloping were most prevalent in severe hearing-impaired group. In addition, the audiogram patterns differed greatly by gender as well.CONCLUSIONS: Adult audiogram patterns varied greatly, and they would be affected by hearing levels and genders.

並列關鍵字

pure tone audiogram ； adults ； prevalence ； hearing levels ； gender

國際替代計量

成年人純音聽力圖型之盛行率

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