- 學位論文
TTTRR五軸工具機二旋轉自由度之組配精度之快速機上檢測方法與系統研發
Development of the fast on-machine assembly-accuracy measurement method and system for the 2-DOF Rotation of a TTTRR 5-axis machine tool
摘要
CNC五軸工具機在高階精密加工上扮演非常重要的角色。由於機台的組配精度對機台整體工作精度影響甚鉅，因此二自由度旋轉軸與三線性伺服軸間的組配精度校驗是五軸工具機製造組裝過程中不可或缺的技術，也是維護其精度的第一道防線。本研究根據業界需求，結合誤差特性分析、DH-rule、誤差模型建立、齊次座標轉換、量測路徑設計、機上階段性三維量測、CNC控制器雙向即時溝通技術、網路資訊傳輸技術、NC程式及人機介面撰寫等技術，研發適用於TTTRR五軸工具機之低成本、高效率的二自由度旋轉軸組配校驗的自動化量測方法與系統，其使用低成本檢測裝置即可在機上檢測出二自由度旋轉軸組裝後與x、y、z三軸間幾何精度(垂直度與平行度)和二自由度旋轉軸旋轉中心的位置誤差。在考慮提升量測效率與業界使用便利性下，研究中以Visual C#語言根據發展的量測方法建立含圖形分析顯示的量測系統，其具備方便操作的人機介面，同時也可自動彙整量測結果產生檢測報告，以讓使用者可迅速瞭解檢測結果與機台的誤差分佈特性。研究中使用合作企業提供的五軸工具機進行數據採集、量測實驗與整體系統驗證，實驗結果証明本量測方法具相當好的準確性與可靠度。
並列摘要
CNC 5-axis machine tools play a very important role in high-precision machining applications. Because assembly accuracy influences the final accuracy of a a-axis machine tool, calibration technology for assembly accuracy between the 2-DOF rotation axes and 3-DOF translation axes is very necessary for manufacturing a 5-axis machine tool, which is also the first threshold to maintain the accuracy of the machine. Per the request of the industry, this study will integrate error analysis, DH-rule, error model development, coordinates homogeneous transformation, measurement trajectory design, on-machine separation measurement, bilateral-communication with CNC controller, ICT, and NC program/human-machine interface development to develop a low-cost and high-efficiency assembly accuracy measurement/calibration method and system for a TTTRR 5-axis machine tool. With use of a low-cost measurement device, the method can measure the geometry errors between the 2-DOF rotation axes and the 3-DOF translation axes, and the location errors of the centers of the 2-DOF rotation axes. Considering measurement efficiency and convenience, a calibration measurement system with function of graphic display for error analysis and a convenient human-machine interface will be built in Visual C# language. The system can also automatically generate a measurement report to hele the user to quickly understand the calibration results and the characteristics of the measured errors. Practical data collection for measurement method development and verification experiments will be conducted on a TTTRR 5-axis machine tool provided by Da-Lih machinery Co.
參考文獻
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