原漢通婚家庭之文化認同與適應

Cultural recognition and adaptation of Han and Aborigine Interracial Marriage

高元杰(Yuan-Chieh KAO)

指導教授 ： 潘淑滿

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/社會教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究運用質性研究深度訪談方式，透過居住非原鄉地區之原漢通婚家庭的敘說，以「原住民族籍先生娶漢族妻子組成的原漢通婚家庭」及「漢族籍先生娶原住民籍妻子組成的原漢通婚家庭」各三對家庭為訪談對象，探討原漢通婚家庭之文化認同與適應之問題。其研究結果如下：
一、原漢通婚家庭的族群歸屬，無論是漢族籍或原住民族籍成員皆呈現高度認 同；對其子女的族群歸屬，則深受漢族父系血緣中心主義的影響。
二、原漢通婚家庭的文化歸屬，漢族籍或原住民族籍成員對自己族群的文化皆有清楚的歸屬；對彼此另一半族群的文化歸屬，漢族籍成員看原住民族籍伴侶傾向賦以「新」的文化內涵，原住民族籍成員看漢族籍伴侶則歸向於主流文化；至於子女的文化歸屬，則採取多元文化認同。
三、原漢通婚家庭的認同歷程，因愛相戀、相知而結合，組成家庭後卻是族群文化認同的開始；經驗「認同」的過程中，始終是弱勢族群原住民族的專利。
四、原漢通婚家庭存在著漢族優勢文化與原住民族弱勢文化的不對等結構，加上社會都以優勢族群為主體性，原漢通婚家庭擔心原住民族文化主體性的消失，卻又表現出無可奈何的態度。
五、原漢通婚家庭的文化認同傾向多元文化認同，然家庭的成員因族群與生命經驗的不同，面對多元複雜的文化內涵與範疇，呈現多樣的認同類型樣態，亦充分顯示屬於個人層次的情感需求。
六、居住非原鄉地區原漢通婚家庭之文化適應影響因素，可分為內部因素與外部因素，其中居住非原鄉地區、重要關係人的心理、社會支持、婚姻狀況、時間、文化距離及個人因素等為重要因素。
七、原漢通婚家庭的文化適應策略，因人、因事、因時、因地及因物的不同而不同；在不同情境上，有各自不同的差度，並有時呈現出行為與認知態度不一致的狀態。
八、「社會負面的觀感」仍然是原漢通婚家庭文化傳承的壓力，「1/2血緣」成了原漢通婚家庭子女在文化認同與適應的特殊保護色。

最後，研究者根據研究結論，針對原漢通婚家庭本身、國民中小學及後續研究者分別提出相關參考建議。
關鍵詞：原漢通婚、文化認同、文化適應

關鍵字

原漢通婚 ； 文化認同 ； 文化適應

並列摘要

Cultural recognition and adaptation of Han and Aborigine Interracial Marriage
Yuan-Chieh KAO
Abstract
This study has made used in-depth interview for qualitative research, and it is conducted through the elaboration of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage at non-indigenous area, exploiting three families from each of the two typology as “Han and Aborigine Interracial Marriage of Aborigine Husband Married to Han Wife,” and “Han and Aborigine Interracial Marriage of Han Husband Married to Aborigine Wife” for its targets of investigation. The purpose of which is to look into the problems of cultural recognition and adaptation in Han and Aborigine interracial marriage. The results of the study are found as follows:

1.For ethnic attribution of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, no matter if it is of Han or Aborigine member, all of them have shown high degree of recognition; for ethnic attribution of their children, it is, however, strongly affected by Han patrilineal blood centrism.
2.For cultural attribution of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, whether if it is of Han or Aborigine members, they are found with clear attribution for their culture; as for the cultural attribution of their better half, Han member is inclined to consider their Aborigine spouse with “novel” cultural connotation, whereas the Aborigine member is inclined to consider their Han spouse with tendency towards mainstream culture. As for the cultural attribution of their children, they are inclined to resort to multi-cultural recognition.
3.For recognition process of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, it will be the start for recognition of racial culture if the couple is finally rendered in wedlock as of love and appreciation for each other; during the process of experiencing “recognition,” it has always been the privilege of minority and aborigine tribe.
4.For the incomparable structure of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, it is found with superiority of Han culture as against minority culture of aborigine, in addition to the fact that the community would, in most of the case, base on superiority group as its predominant subjectivity; therefore, it has become most reluctant and suspicious that the subjectivity of ethic Aborigine culture will, eventually, be found lost in Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, nonetheless, nothing seems to be effective to reverse the trend.
5.The cultural recognition for family with Han and Aborigine interracial marriage is inclined to multi-cultural, and though family members share different racial groups and life experiences and are confronted with diversified and complex cultural endowment and scope, they have, however, demonstrate rather multiple modes of recognition, fully demonstrating the emotional demands at personal levels.
6.For factors of cultural adaptation of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage living at non-indigenous areas, they can be classified into internal and external factors. Among them, living at non-indigenous area, psychology of important concerned party, social support, marital status, time, cultural distance, and personal factors are considered to be important factors.
7.For strategy of cultural adaptation of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, it varies as of different people, different event, different location, and different object; as for diverse contexts, extent of diversity can be found, and it would, at times, demonstrate such status of inconsistency between behavior and recognition.
8.“Social and negative perception” remains to be the cultural pressure as inherited in Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, “1/2” blood” has thus become the protective color for children from Han and Aborigine interracial marriage in their cultural recognition and adaptation.

At the end, the researcher has put forth conclusions and relevant references and suggestions in view of the issue of Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, elementary and junior high school, Administrative organ, and subsequent research.

Keywords: Han and Aborigine interracial marriage, cultural recognition, cultural adaptation

並列關鍵字

Han and Aborigine interracial marriage ； cultural recognition ； cultural adaptation

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