臺灣為海島型氣候國家處於歐亞大陸板塊上的地震帶,因獨特地理位置,也是地震、颱風等天然災害頻繁的地區。隨著台灣經濟成長以及都市發展、生活型態提升,在重視經濟效率發展下,造成部分的土地使用潛在危險的分佈,近年雖然災害防治觀念與技術逐漸提升,部分縣市政府初步規劃都市防災空間系統,但所規劃的防災避難據點大都以學校、公園為主,而先期的都市計畫並未有完善考量防災的安全性,且所分佈避難場所並不均等,當災害發生居住在都市的民眾仍然處於充滿變數的危險下避難。都市地區發生地震災害後,提供良好的道路動線系統與合適的避難場所,讓民眾能夠迅速及時地遠離危險環境是一個重要的議題。 本研究將針對在擁有豐富文教區的台中市西區以住宅類建築類型為研究範圍,以電腦模擬軟體Simulex,模擬民眾於自宅至避難據點所需時間,經由對民眾行為的特性與各據點所得之避難時間變化結果分析,以求得在合理的時間下引導居民到達安全的避難地點,經由模擬分析結果瞭解台中市西區都市防災現況需改善之處,應對有安全之虞的地區或避難據點配置不適處,並提出建議改善或增設避難場所,以確保都市民眾居住之安全。
Taiwan is a tropical island weather country which located at Eurasian plate. Because the special geographic reason, it has natural disasters such as typhoon and earthquake occurred frequently. Followed economic growth and urban development, also with the living types changed and paid too much attention on resource using, land has been overused to cause potential risks in this island. Though the notions and technologies are improved, also some of the prefecture and city governments started to plan the special arrangement for disaster temporary refuges, but they didn’t consider the overall safety in the preliminary urban planning properly. Some parks and school campus are planned for the temporary refuge uses. These refuges are not evenly distributed in most areas. When disaster occurred, people will place themselves under unpredictable dangerous situations. Providing a well passage route system and offering a suitable temporary refuge for people to escape from danger after the disaster occurred is very impotent issue. The research take the west district of Taichung City as scope and use Simulex software to do the evacuation simulation in order to figure out the people’s escaping time from their residential unit to the temporary refuge, To analyze the data, the author will establish the relationship between the park service radius and the people’s escaping time. The results can be used as a reference for local government to set up necessary temporary refuge place or improve refuge area and facilities.