論文摘要 TFT-LCD產業為台灣「兩兆雙星」計畫之一,也是繼半導體產業之後最受注目的新興產業。為能與國外對手(日、韓)齊頭競爭,掌握關鍵零組件無疑是經營策略中最重要的一塊。TFT-LCD關鍵零組件多為Design-in產品,在TFT-LCD設計之初就需配合廠商需求及規格,再加上關鍵零組件之不可缺性與昂貴性,所以台灣TFT-LCD面板廠商為了降低生產成本與鞏固競爭優勢,無不積極加強其與關鍵零組件的關係,更積極者,進而加強垂直整合之能力,自行生產關鍵零組件。但是,從零組件角度,可以發現同樣的廠商對於不同關鍵零組件採取的整合策略並不一樣;而從廠商角度而言,不同廠商對同樣的零組件採取的整合策略亦不一致。故本研究,試圖歸納整理台灣TFT-LCD廠商目前對關鍵零組件廠商之網絡關係並發掘影響廠商採取何種網絡關係的因素。 本研究採用個案研究法,選擇台灣五大TFT-LCD面板廠商(友達、奇美、華映、彩晶、廣輝),以探究高科技產業廠商對關鍵零組件供應商之網絡關係與垂直整合策略,經由既有文獻的歸納分析與個案發現之推演後,得出以下之結論: 一、 零組件特性,會影響「面板廠商」與「關鍵零組件供應商」之間的網絡關係。 二、 供應商特性,會影響「面板廠商」與「關鍵零組件供應商」之間的網絡關係。 三、 供應商之區位專屬性投資,會影響「面板廠商」與「關鍵零組件供應商」之間的網絡關係。 四、 廠商特質,會影響「面板廠商」與「關鍵零組件供應商」之間的網絡關係。 五、 環境不確定性,會影響「面板廠商」與「關鍵零組件供應商」之間的網絡關係。 因而,本研究結論認為面板廠商對「彩色濾光片」和「背光模組」兩項關鍵零組件採取完全垂直整合策略,相對地,「驅動IC」、「偏光板」和「玻璃基板」三項關鍵零組件則因為供應商本身的談判力過大及資金、技術障礙太高,面板廠商傾向採取契約式聯盟策略。
Abstract The TFT-LCD industry is the newly arisen one after semi-conductor industry in Taiwan. In order to keep pace with abroad opponents (Japan and Korea), holding the key components is the most important strategy doubtless. Most TFT-LCD key components have “design-in” characters, so key components must match with the manufacturer’s needs and standards in the beginning of TFT- LCD design. Besides, for key components’ essential and expensive, TFT-LCD manufacturer in Taiwan is enhancing actively the relation with the key components to reduce the production cost and make the stronger competitive advantage. More actively, they enhance their ability of the vertical integration to produce the key components by themselves. This study is proceeded with the approach of case study, and chooses AUO, CMO, CPT, Quanta and HannStar as the case targets. The propose is to realize the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers. According to the relevant literature and case studies, we summarized the conclusions as flows: 1. “Components Attributes” will affect the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers. 2. “Suppliers Characteristic” will affect the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers. 3. “The Site Specificity of Supplier” will affect the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers 4. “Firms Characteristic” will affect the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers 5. “Environment Uncertainty” will affect the network relationship and vertical integration between hi-tech industry manufactures and their key components suppliers. This research concludes the manufacturers to "Color Filter" and" Back Light" two key components prefer to adopt the full integration strategy. Opposite, the manufacturers to " driver IC"、" Polarizer " and" Glass" three key components prefer to adopt contrast type alliance strategy.