已婚婦女就業影響因素之探討：不同家庭生命週期的檢視

張芳華

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已婚婦女就業影響因素之探討：不同家庭生命週期的檢視

Factors Associated with Married Women’s Employment : Inspection in the Different Family Life Cycles

張芳華 , Masters　　Advisor：沈幼蓀　　

繁體中文

已婚婦女就業；就業M型圖；家庭生命週期； Married Women’s Employment ； The employment’s M-shaped graphs ； the Family Life Cycle

Abstract │ Reference (76) │ Times Cited (4) │ Altmetrics

Abstract 〈TOP〉

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Taking it into consideration that married women usually confront the dilemma between family and job in the period of marriage and childrearing, the study intends to find the factors affecting women’s employment from the angle of family life cycle. Owing to the existing researches focusing on cross-sectional study in a certain period of time which couldn’t trace the persistent effect of the variables on women’s employment after  the social structure changes, the study will apply the data from“ Taiwanese Social Change Survey” to observe the influence of the variables on women’s employment in 1991 and 2002.
The results show the fact that women tended to be the never-worked outside in 1991 while the full-time job after marriage was the most popular type in 2002.Compared to the past research, The employment’s M-shaped graphs indicates that the time of returning to the labor market is earlier than the past. The M-shaped graphs in 1991 and in 2002 also reflect the tendency as follows：on the one hand, it shows the higher index of the employment in the earlier stage and lower index of the employment in the later stage regardless of any period of time; on the other hand, the employment’s index of women with children in 2002 is higher than that in 1991, which means that most women continue or return to work in the later period of time.
The research also finds that the society in 2002 in comparison with 1991 conspicuously promotes employment when women have children attending school rather than in the earlier two stages of the family life cycles. It partially indicates that the social context in the later period of time is helpful for women’s participation in the labor market.
In terms of the alternation of factors affecting women’s employment in the different family life cycles, working or staying at home depends on social condition, relationship in the family and individual preference at that time. The decision to work varies with the different circumstances. Although the effect of many independent variables are presented in the certain stage, the influence of the education remains through years and family life cycles. Contrasted with the social context in 1991, the education in 2002 even enhances the opportunity of full-time job after marriage. The gender-role attitude, the determinative factor, has the impact on women’s employment. It reveals that the effect of the social culture norm on women is blazing and persistent.

Reference ( 76 ) 〈TOP〉

行政院主計處，2006，臺灣地區人力資源調查統計年報。
連結：
羊憶蓉，1994，〈教育的功能〉。頁285-289，收錄於王振寰、瞿海源主編第二版《社會學與台灣社會》。台北：巨流圖書。
連結：
呂玉瑕，1993，〈已婚婦女之性別角色態度與就業之關係-底特律區域研究〉。《婦女與兩性學刊》4：137-174。
連結：
呂玉瑕、伊慶春，2005，〈社會變遷中的夫妻資源與家務分工：台灣七Ｏ年代與九Ｏ年代社會文化脈絡的比較〉。《台灣社會學》10：41-94。
連結：
陳志柔、于德林，2005，〈台灣民眾對外來配偶移民政策的態度〉。《台灣社會學》10：95-148。
連結：

Times Cited (4) 〈TOP〉

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