台灣省立台北醫院急診病人的特性

Characteristics of Emergency Patients at Taiwan Provincial Taipei Hospital

李孟智(Meng-Chin Lee) ； 張永福(Yeong-Fu Chang) ； 呂碧鴻(Bee-Horng Lue)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 6卷3期 (1987/02) Pp. 74-82

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1986-06-03-06

摘要

爲瞭解社區醫院急診患者的背景、急診疾病的性質，及社區民眾利用急診的情形，本研究以台灣省立台北醫院爲例，自民國74年2月至乃年1月共365天中，立意隨機抽出30天，調閱該30天所有的病歷，進行分析。重要的結果如下：
1患者的背景：患者中男性與女性分別佔58.9%及41.1%，年齡層分布以0~9歲(24.8%)最多，住址分布以新莊市(69.0%)最多，付費身份以自費(62.2%)最多。2.急診疾病的性質：以外傷(29.0%)，呼吸系統疾病(26.7%)，及消化系統疾病(9.7%)居前三位；而科別分布織內科(38.8%)最多，其次是外科(32.3%)及小兒科(23.7%)。外科疾病以車禍(39.7%)最多，其次是工業傷害(22.4%)。工業傷害則以手部之撕裂傷及碎裂傷最常見。該院急診病人的轉診率爲1.8%而轉診的疾病中以頸部外傷(44.5%)最多，轉診的原因多因設備不足(61.1%)。
3.民眾利用急診的情形：社區民眾對急診之利用度高，但急診中屬非急診者佔17.1%。非急診者的疾病以上呼吸道感染(48.1%)最多，並且來診的時間多在小夜班(45.6%)。
由本研究顯示該社區醫院的急診疾病以外傷最多，其中又以工業傷害爲其特點，有待進一步探討及改進。又急診求醫中，有不少是屬非急診，影響急診室的正常運作，宜制定合理的急診標準，以強化急診的功能。

並列摘要

To analyze the characteristics of emergency patients at the Taiwan provincial Taipei Hospital, 1115 cases were systemically drawn and reviewed from all the emergency visits during 1985-1986.
The main results are as follow:
1. 58.9% of the patients were male, and 41.1% female. Patients aged under 10 years occupied the largest percentage (24.8%). 69.0% of the patients lived at Shinchuang City. As to source of payment, 62.2% of the patients were self-pay.
2. Three leading causes of emergency visits were trauma (29.0%). respiratory .system diseases (26.7%), and digestive system (9.7%). In term of specialty, Internal Medicine (38.6%) and Surgery (32.3%) comprised the majority of the cases. 22.4% of the cases. of trauma were due to industrial accident, an unique emergency in this community. Regarding the referral, 1.8% of all patients were referred mostly because of shortage of facility, and 44.5% of the referred patients were the cases of head injury.
3. Of all the patients, 17.0% were not-emergent and should not have visited the emergency department. 48.1% of non-emergency visits were upper respiratory tract infection.