健康信念模式的回顧與前瞻

Retrocpect and Procpect of Health Belief Model

李守義(Shoou-Yih Lee) ； 周碧瑟(Pesus Chou) ； 晏涵文(Edwin H. Yen)

《中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌》 9卷3期 (1989/09) Pp. 123-137

https://doi.org/10.6288/JNPHARC1989-09-03-02

摘要

健康信念模式在1950年代被提出用以解釋民眾之健康行為以來，一直受到醫療社會學者普遍的重視，除了預防性行為之外，它也被運用於疾病行為、病人角色行為、醫病關係、以及衛生教育介入等研究領域之中。
Berker等人和Janz曾分別比較1974年之前，以及1974-1984年間的健康信念模式研究，發覺此模式在解釋民眾之健康行為，尤其是預防性健康行為方面，相當的適用。本文參考上述學者之比較方法，接著回顧1984至1987數年間，發表於國內外期刊的十四篇健康信念棋式研究報告，加以綜合分析，並與1984年以前的研究相互比較，希望籍此了解：
一、近幾年來健康信念模式之研究成果與趨勢；
二、健康信念模式對不同健康行為之解釋和預測能力；以及
三、健康信念模式在不同文化環境中的適應性。
此外，文中也討論健康信念模式的限制，以及未來研究應有的取向，期望有助於提升這方面研究之品質。

並列摘要

Health Belief Model (HBM) has been one of the most famous and popular behavioral models in medical sociology since it was propsed to explain people's health behavior in the 1950's. Not only was it frequently used in preventive behavior research, but also in the study of illness behavior, sick-role behavir, patient-doctor relationship, and health educational intervention.
Becker et al. and Janz reviewed the HBM research papers published before 1974 and those from 1974 to 1984 respectively, and they found that this model was very effective in the explanation of people's health behavior, especially the actions taken to prevent illness. In this report we adopted Becker's and Janz's methods to sum marize the findings of fourteen HBM studies in several Chinese and English journals from 1984
to 1987, and compared them with the research results before 1984, so as to understand:
1. the investigation findings and tendency of HBM study in these few years,
2. the efectiveness of HBM in explaining and predicting various kinds of health behaviors, and
3. the validity of HBM in different cultural environments.
Also, the limitations and the recent interests in HBM study were discussed in this report. We hope that the analysis and comparison we make in this report may be of some help for related studies in the future.
Department of Medical Research, Verterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

並列關鍵字

Health Behavior