精進我國災害防救機制之研究

The Study of Improving the ROC's Mechanism of Disaster Relief

蕭英煜(Im-Yu Shiao) ； 吳光中(Guang-Jhong Wu)

《國防雜誌》 31卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 67-83

https://doi.org/10.6326/NDJ.2016.31(1).4

摘要

災害唯有藉著節約有效的預防、因應與復原，才能降低災難對人民生命財產的威脅與損害，我國依法將不同災害救援權責賦予各部會，希藉各主管機關之專業，有效因應災害。然各災害主管部門秉持其本位主義，缺乏整體性的防災規劃，無法滿足我國災害防救需求。因而造成災害來臨之時，中央、地方、國軍與民間單位各執其事缺乏整合，無法有效掌握防災資源流向，適宜投注應變作為，實存在檢討必要。國軍肩負保國衛民之責，災害發生即投入支援，然各級部隊現行之訓練是否足以因應防災需求，同樣值得深究。災害防救工作若可由「特定機關」整合，專責專業全面性的管理災害問題，運用「災害防救緊急應變隊」，節約整體防災成本，全面提升國家災防能力。

關鍵字

地球暖化 ； 天然災害 ； 災害防救機制 ； 災害防救應變部隊

並列摘要

The efficient ways to diminish threats and damages to people's lives and property are by means of effective measures of prevention, response and recovery for natural disasters. In order to rapidly respond natural disasters, according to law, the ROC government authorizes different levels of government agencies to deal with disasters. However, the current mechanism of disaster relief is insufficient as it lacks suitable and feasible plans for disaster relief and an authorized organization to jointly command and control disaster relief activities from local, central, and military units. This has caused low efficiency and waste of resources while conducting disaster relief. Therefore, it is necessary to improve such mechanism. The core duty of the armed forces is to carry out missions to protect citizens, including rapid response for disasters. Nevertheless, whether or not the armed forces has satisfactory capabilities to conduct disaster relief missions is a crucial issue. The disaster relief works can be integrated by an ad hoc institution to comprehensively take charge of the issue of disaster management. To enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of disaster relief efforts and to reduce the total costs, with available laws and mechanisms, establishing an Emergency Response Task Force to improve disaster relief capabilities can be considered.

並列關鍵字

Global Warming ； Natural Disasters ； Prevention and Relief Mechanism ； Disaster Prevention and Emergency Response Task Force