地理資訊科學與智慧地球

Geographic Information Science and Smart Earth

孫志鴻(Chih-Hong Sun) ； 尚榮康(Rong-Kang Shang)

《中國地理學會會刊》 54期 (2015/06) Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.29972/BGSC.201506_(54).0001

摘要

人類的發展面臨極大的挑戰，日益嚴重的環境問題、經濟問題與社會問題，需要結合人類所有的智慧，共同來面對未來的挑戰。地理資訊科學過去五十年的發展，加上近年來逐漸成熟的物聯網、雲端運算、大數據分析、語意網等科技，讓我們看到解決問題的出路。智慧地球與智慧城市將是人類未來共同努力的方向，但是需要結合世界各國的政府、學術界與企業界的力量共同合作。本文回顧地理資訊科學、物聯網、雲端運算、大數據分析、語意網的發展歷程，並提出智慧決策雲的概念，透過協同合作，讓全球的資料結合成一個可以讓所有人共同分享的超級大數據，學術界的研究成果，也可以成為方便好用的知識庫。決策者只要在智慧決策雲上提出決策需求與面臨的問題，資訊廠商就可以利用智慧決策雲的大數據與知識庫，快速的發展出符合決策者需求的決策支援系統，以雲端租用的方式提供給決策者使用，因為此一大數據幾乎免費，知識庫的模式租用也相當便宜，因此決策者將可以用相當低廉的價格，租用最先進的智慧型決策支援系統，即使是最窮的國家，也能受惠於智慧地球與智慧城市的智慧應用，逐步的改善環境問題、經濟問題與社會問題，人類永續發展的夢想，將不再是遙不可及。

關鍵字

地理資訊科學 ； 物聯網 ； 大數據分析 ； 智慧地球 ； 智慧城市

並列摘要

Human development is facing significant challenges including increasingly serious environmental problems, economic problems, and social problems; moreover, human development requires a combination of all human wisdom to face the significant challenges ahead. Development over the past 50 years of geographic information systems and sciences and, in recent years, increasingly smarter information technologies, such as the Internet, cloud computing, big data analytics, the semantic web, and other technologies, allow us to examine possible solutions. A smart earth and smart cities that deploy these smarter technologies will provide a brighter future for mankind in the near future; however, the solution requires the world's governments, academia, and the business community to work together to face the challenges. This study reviews the development of geographic information science, the Internet, cloud computing, big data analytics, the semantic web, and linked open data technologies and presents the concept of multi-agent knowledge oriented cyberinfrastructure (MAKOCI). Using MAKOCI, the world of information can be combined into one common, sharable, super big data, and academic research results can also be converted into a sharable knowledge base. Decision makers only need to propose decision-making needs on MAKOCI, and decision support system developers will take advantage of sharable super big data and the sharable knowledge base to develop a customized decision support system for decision makers. Because of this, super big data is almost free, and the knowledge base model is also quite cheap to rent, so decision makers will be able to rent the most advanced intelligent decision support system at a fairly low price; even the poorest countries can benefit from the application of intelligent technology. A smart earth and smart cities will gradually solve the environmental, economic, and social problems. The dream of sustainable development will no longer be out of reach.

並列關鍵字

Geographic Information Science ； Internet of Things ； Big Data Analytics ； Smart Earth ； Smart City

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