醫學院與不同學院學生壓力感受程度、因應模式、與身心症狀關係的探討

Investigation of Stress Perception, Coping Styles, and Psychosomatic Manifestations among Students in Medical School and Other Schools

楊聰財(Tsung-Tsair Yang) ； 蕭淑貞(Shu-Jen Shiau) ； 卓貴美(Guey-Mei Jow) ； 黃偉俐(Wei-Li Huang)

《輔仁醫學期刊》 3卷2期 (2005/06) Pp. 91-103

摘要

背景與目的：本研究比較醫學院與其他學院學生面對生活壓力時的感受、因應模式、及身心症狀情形之差異，期藉研究發現指導學生養成對身心健康有助益的認知模式和因應策略。方法：採集體取樣法，由醫、文和理工學院中，九個學系三年級班級學生共314人為對象，實施結構式問卷調查，內容包括基本資料、SCL-90-R、壓力適應量表(Coping Strategies Inventory, CSI)、「大學生身心適應調查表」。使用one-way ANOVA，以Posthoc檢定之多重比較LSD法，比較不同學院與學系間在三個量表得分表現的差異。結果：1.醫學系學生在時間規劃、課業壓力、感情問題上，有較明顯的困擾；2.醫、數兩系學生具有較多且整體嚴重程度高的身心症狀，特別是身體化症狀、焦慮、敵意、恐懼性焦慮、精神病性，而醫學系還包括強迫行為、人際敏感、憂鬱；3.文學院學生比其他學院較有「生涯規劃」的困擾；4.理工學院學生比文、醫學院較不會使用積極的因應方式。結論：醫學系學生，應在時間管理、感情問題處理的困擾上，加以重視與輔導；理工學院學生，應加強「積極的壓力因應方式」的認識與應用。

關鍵字

壓力因應模式 ； 壓力自覺 ； 身心症狀 ； 精神健康 ； 醫學院 ； 大學生

並列摘要

Background and Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the stress perception, coping styles, and psychosomatic manifestations among students in a medical school and other schools. We hoped to uncover effective coping styles for psychosomatic health and offer student institutions helpful suggestions. Methods: We carried out a survey of 314 students from a medical school, a college of liberal arts, and a college of science and engineering. Data including demographic data, SCL-90-R, Coping Style Inventory, and College Students' Adjustment Check List were collected. We used the least squares difference (LSD) method of one-way ANOVA to analyze these data and compare differences of the 3 questionnaires among the different colleges and departments. Results: The medical students showed the most-severe puzzlement over their time plan, academic pressure, and emotional problems among students of the 9 departments evaluated. Both medical students and students in the applied mathematics department presented a greater number and a higher overall severity of psychosomatic manifestations, especially somatic symptoms, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, and psychotic symptoms; medical students also demonstrated a greater severity of compulsive behavior, interpersonal sensitivity, and depression. Students of the college of liberal arts had the most-severe puzzlement as to their ”plan of life” among students of the 9 departments. Students of the college of science and engineering utilized positive coping styles less often compared to students of the college of liberal arts and the medical school. Conclusion: Supervisors and teachers of medical school students should pay attention to and assist with problems of time management and personal matters such as love affairs. Students of the college of science and engineering should be advised and taught to utilize positive coping styles for life stresses.

並列關鍵字

coping styles ； stress perception ； psychosomatic symptoms ； mental health ； medical school ； university students