外籍生適應問題及相關因素之探討

Adjustment of Foreign Students and the Related Factors

黃璉華(Lian-Hua Huang) ； 羅漢強(Hann-Chung Lo)

《中華公共衛生雜誌》 15卷5期 (1996/10) Pp. 457-468

https://doi.org/10.6288/CJPH1996-15-05-06

摘要

外藉生離鄉背井來台求學，面臨生活與環境的改變，若沒有適當的調適，種種壓力會對外籍生的生理、心理健康造成影響。因此，外籍生適應問題需要學校輔導等相關人員加以關注和正視。本研究以臺灣北部九所大學八十四學年度第二學期註冊之外籍生為研究對象，探討其來台後的適應情形和相關因素，問卷共寄發623份，回收175份，回收率為28.1%。
外籍生主要的適應問題為：課業問題、考試方式、表達意見及交通工具等。常遭遇的生活事件是生病、受傷。當有情緒上的困擾、計劃做某事及生病時，最常提供協助的是相同國籍的朋友。在台求學期間外籍生最常出現的健康相關問題有傷風感冒、緊張、頭痛、容易疲勞及想家等。外籍生使用僑外室、學校健康中心的頻率偏低。外籍生適應的相關因素有國籍、在臺灣的時間、課業量、先前出國經驗、來臺前後的心理準備、社會網絡、壓力調適、生活型態及個人特質等。建議提供跨文化的諮商以協助外籍生在台求學期間的適應過程。

關鍵字

外籍生 ； 適應問題 ； 相關因素

並列摘要

Foreign students must leave home when they come to Taiwan to study. The changes in life and environment could be a stress for the student and could also affect his/her physical and mental health. The issue of the foreign students' personal adjustment has become a practical concern that needs to be faced by the university personnel advising these foreign students.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the adjustment problems of foreign students who registered for the 1994 academic year at nine universities in Northern Taiwan. Also analyzed were the factors which related the adjustment of the student. Questionnaires were mailed to 623 foreign students and 175 students responded. The response rate was 28.1%.
Major problems of foreign student adjustment were: academic/curriculum problems; the method of examination; the language problems and the transportation problems. The most frequent life event that had happened in the past year was either illness or injury. When the students experienced emotional distress, were frustrated or ill, they got assistance mostly from friends of the same country. For health-related problems during the stay in Taiwan, most students reported the common cold, being nervous, headache, fatigue and homesickness. An under use of the Foreign Students Affair Office and School Health Center was also noted. Factors affecting adjustment include: nationality, length of stay in Taiwan, study workload, previous experiences of going abroad, degree of psychological preparation, social network, stress coping strategies, life style, and personality.
It is suggested that cross-cultural adjustment counseling strategies be devised to facilitate foreign students' adjustment process in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

foreign students ； adjustment problem ； related factor