心學生政治之間－袁燮《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》析論

Between the Mind Studies and the Politics: A Discussion on Yuan Xie's Interpretation of the Mao Poetry

黃忠慎(Chung-Shen Huang)

《臺大中文學報》 52期 (2016/03) Pp. 95-97+99-134

https://doi.org/10.6281/NTUCL.2016.03.52.03

摘要

袁燮是陸象山門下的著名弟子，其《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》早已亡佚，今之四卷本共論詩四十七篇，皆為〈國風〉，始於〈周南〉，終於〈魏風〉，另有論《詩序》者二篇，為後人從《永樂大典》中裒集而出。身為一位心學家，袁燮擅長以「本心」解說詩文大意，並且賦予此心以仁義的內容，以及某種超驗、神秘的意味，這是《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》的特質之一。不過，作為經筵講章之解經著述，袁燮很少純就心學開講，他必須透過經文而有所推闡，並在詮釋內容中發出警語，一方面盼望人主能從詩文中有啟悟，一方面也用以戒示後來君天下者，於是《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》成為一部「政治與心學之間」的產物，這樣的著作是有其特殊性的。目前學界對於《毛詩經筵講義》缺少較為深入的論述，本文詳盡分析《毛詩經筵講義》的性質、內涵與特色，並解釋其在《詩經》學史上的意義，可以讓吾人對於袁燮其人其書有更充分的認識。

關鍵字

袁燮 ； 《絜齋毛詩經筵講義》 ； 經筵講章體 ； 心學 ； 政治

並列摘要

Yuan Xie, a famous student of Lu Xiang-Shan, wrote Yuan Xie's Interpretation of the Mao Poetry. The original version of this book was lost long time ago and the four-unit version today was extracted from the Yongle Encyclopedia. This version includes Yuan's discussions on the ＂Preface to the Poetry＂ and the 47 poems from the ＂Odes of Zhou and South＂ to the ＂Odes of Wei＂ in the ＂Airs of the States,＂ Classic of Poetry. As a scholar of mind studies, Yuan was good at explaining poems with the concept of ＂original mind＂ which he interpreted as benevolence and righteousness with implied transcendence and mystery. This way of explanation is also a feature of Yuan Xie's Interpretation of the Mao Poetry. However, Yuan seldom lectured purely on mind studies; rather, he clarified the Classic of Poetry and gave warnings in his interpretations, with an intention that emperors could be edified by the Class of Poetry. Therefore, this book is a special work that contains both politics and mind studies. In view of the fact that the academia lacks in-depth treatments of this work, this paper carefully analyzes its characteristics, contents, and features, exhibits its significance in the history of Classic of Poetry studies, and provides more understanding to Yuan Xie and his work.

並列關鍵字

Yuan Xie ； Yuan Xie's Interpretation of the Mao Poetry ； the genre of lectures on Chinese classics ； mind studies ； politics

參考文獻

金培懿：〈作為帝王教科書的《論語》──宋代《論語》經筵講義探析〉，《成大中文學報》第31 期（2010 年12 月）。

黃忠慎：〈心學語境下的詩經詮釋──楊簡慈湖詩傳析論〉，《東吳中文學報》第19 期（2010 年5 月）。

黃忠慎：〈詩經註我，我註詩經──楊簡慈湖詩傳再探〉，《東吳中文學報》第21 期（2011 年5 月）。

黃忠慎：〈《慈湖詩傳》對「思無邪」的詮釋與運用〉，《成大中文學報》第41 期（2013 年6 月）。

漢•毛亨傳，漢•鄭玄箋，唐•孔穎達等正義：《毛詩正義》，臺北：藝文印書館，1976 年5 月。