勝負與實力差距對於比賽內容的影響－桌球個案標記分析

目的：探討一名大專院校乙組桌球運動員在不同賽事結果中，對於技能的使用與效果，作為設計訓練課程的依據，以提升比賽表現。方法：使用攝影機拍攝1名男性大專院校乙組桌球隊員個案在面對不同對手的4場比賽（3：0、3：2、2：3、0：3）共272球，每球紀錄10項事件，例如每拍技能、方向、長短等，並以卡方檢定列聯表分析去檢驗不同賽事結果對於比賽的影響。結果：發現僅小勝的賽事顯示技能及拍數的得分效果，而對於組合性的發球搶攻戰術，僅在大勝的賽事中觀察到。因此不同賽事結果（實力差距或比賽勝負）對於標記分析（notational analysis）研究的結果有所影響。結論：未來針對個案進行桌球比賽紀錄的分析時，希望除了蒐集完整及大量的資料之外，亦要考慮將所有賽事結果分類，才可完整解釋選手在比賽中的真實行為。

關鍵字

桌球；標記分析；比賽分類

並列摘要

Purpose: This purpose of this case study was to analyze the match performance of a division B college table tennis player as the basis of the training program in order to improve the future match performances. Method: The reported study analyzed the performance of 4 different table tennis matches (3:0, 3:2, 2:3, 0:3) of a division B college player (non-elite player) by way of notational analyses based on the play-back videos. The Chi-square tests were used to examine the scoring pattern of the player based on the nature of the matches. Results: The results showed that the well-matched competitions demonstrated a typical effect of scoring performance of stroke types and the number of strokes used whereas the serve-and-attack tactic was only observed in the winning match (3:0). Therefore, these results seem to indicate that the nature of matches (win/loss or close/unbalanced) affects the result of performance analyses. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the nature of matches (win/loss or close/unbalanced) affects the result of performance analyses. Future research should not only focus on increasing the number of matches, but also try to incorporate the classification method as introduced here. Finally, studies of performance analyses should take into consideration of the nature of the matches in order to more closely delineate the match performance of the player.