板橋市國慶路民宅火災場模式數值模擬分析

Fire Field Model Simulation and Analysis for a Residential Fire in Guoching Road Banchiau City

簡伯勳(Po-Hsun Chien)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本案例之火災發生於凌晨三點三十分此時人員都是在熟睡階段無警覺性，且公寓外面馬路的兩側都停滿了汽機車造成消防人員消防車無法進入搶救不易，另外因此住戶有加裝防盜鐵窗但沒又有預留緊急逃生出口，造成逃生之困難，都市型的公寓在火災發生時人員往往逃生不易與消防搶救困難，再加上人們防火觀念不當及逃生避難的常識不足往往造成生命及財產的損失，本研究是以板橋市公寓為研究對象，利用NIST所發展的FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator)來進行火災模擬，探討當火災發生時火場之煙流、二氧化碳濃度及氣層高度等變化，以瞭解火場中各區域溫度傳播、濃煙擴散等情況，探討相關參數對火災的影響，並將模擬結果做驗證，研究結果發現降低熱釋放率及加裝基本型之灑水裝置對濃煙及火勢能有效之降低危害，因此模擬之結果希望能在防火工程上有參考價值，讓設計者能在新建建築物時針對防火材質及逃生規劃加以考量，以降低財產的損失及人員的傷亡。

關鍵字

場模式、煙囪效應、火災、數值分析、FDS

並列摘要

When a fire occurs in the city apartment, people often not easy to escape and the fire rescue is also difficulty. In addition, people commonly lacks correct concept for fire protection and insufficient escaping knowledge to seek asylum, thus often cause life and property loss. This research is taking an apartment fire case in Ban-Ciao City for fire study, uses Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) which develops by NIST, to simulate fire model for investigating the change of smoke flow, carbon monoxide (CO) concentration and air layer height in fire scene. The simulation result is identified and hoped worth for reference in fire protection engineering design, and considering the quality of fire protection material as well as escape planning in the newly built buildings, in order to reduce the property loss and personnel's casualties.

並列關鍵字

Field model, gas layer height, CO concentration, FDS

參考文獻

【13】林俊良，「大里民宅火場熱流場模式數值模擬」，元智大學機械工程研所熱流組碩士論文，2007年7月。

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