大學國際化發展歷程與策略行動之研究─以台灣地區某大學為例

Development progress of university internationalization and a research of strategic moves – A case study of a university in Taiwan

呂琤琤(Chen-Chen Lu)

指導教授 ： 陳俊忠

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

二十一世紀全球化時代的來臨，高等教育已成為全球化過程的一部份，各大學亟需以在地化為基礎，發展本地特色，進而跨出國門與世界交流，並將世界帶入教育的殿堂，以培養學生成為國際性高級人才，而此目標即需大學藉由國際化的過程來達成。

本研究將大學國際化發展策略區分為交流與網絡策略、教學與研究策略及組織與服務策略三大面向；將國際化發展歷程區分為萌芽期、紮根期、穩健期、卓越期四個階段：
一、萌芽期：國際化係大學教育的一環，大學對國際化雖感興趣，但由於屬初始階段，經驗與知識不足，各校大都進行以教師為主體的交流活動為主。
二、紮根期：全球國際化的趨勢，得以加速大學對國際化的重視，願意投入較多的資源，進行國際化事務的推動，此時期係以進行以學生為主體的雙向交流為主。
三、穩健期：大學透過教師及學生的大量雙向交流，已累積一定的國際事務經驗，此時，大學進一步深思及規劃拓展海外市場，並為進軍海外做準備。
四、卓越期：大學充份發展特色，完成國際化基礎建設，一切準備就緒，並開始推展教育輸出，佈局全球的目標。

本研究透過二十四所大學之網頁及相關資料進行歸納與分析，以探討我國大學國際化發展歷程及其策略作法，並對個案大學之資深行政人員進行專家訪談，以進行個案大學國際化發展策略行動分析，最後，再提出個案大學未來之國際化發展策略行動建議，包括：確立國際化發展之定位、領導者及組織資源之承諾、教職員生國際互動能力之培養、吸引國際師資與學生之教研特色、國際學術交流平台之建置、國際關係與學術網絡之發展、政府政策與企業組織之支持七部份。

關鍵字

國際化 ； 發展歷程 ； 策略行動

並列摘要

It had been globalization times in twenty-one century; higher education has become a part of globalization process. The university must be based on the localization to develop local characteristics, which can go from abroad for academic exchange in the world. The university takes the world in hall of the education to keep the student become international higher person of talent. However, the goal will be reached through international process.

The case study sorts three dimensions for the developmental strategies of university internationalization, including the strategies of academic program and network, the strategies of teaching and research, and the strategies of organizational and service. Besides, the study differentiates the development progress from the initial stage, the penetration stage, the steady stage, and the excellent stage.
1. The initial stage: internationalization is a segment of higher education. The university is interested in internationalization, but in initial stage there is no sufficient experience and knowledge. So at this stage, it is centered by teacher to promote the exchange activity.
2. The penetration stage: The tendency of internationalization speed up importance of the university. The university is willing to allocate more resource to promote internationalization. The stage is based on the center of student to promote the bilaterally exchange activity.
3. The steady stage: The University penetrates through teacher and student to have a large of bilaterally exchange activity that has accumulated internationalization experience. The University makes progress thorough fully and plan the oversea marketing for attempt on attacking oversea marketing.
4. The excellent stage: The University is adequate to develop her characteristics, and finished the structure of foundation. It has finished all the preparation and start to export higher education globally to accomplish the goal of arrangement to the world.

The case study was through the website of twenty four universities and document to induce and analysis which explore development progress of university internationalization and strategic way. And it interviewed the experienced administrators and preceding the analysis of internationalization strategic moves in a case study of a university.

In the end, the research draft resolution the strategic moves in a case study of a university. Including seven parts: ensure the position of internationalization, support of leader and organizational resource, cultivation of mutual ability for faculty, staff and student, the characteristics of teaching and research to attract the faculty and student in the world, build up the interface of international academic exchange, the development of international relationship and academic network, the support of government policy and enterprises organizational.

並列關鍵字

internationalization ； development progress ； strategic moves

參考文獻

23. 邱靖雅(2003)，「高等教育的國際化」，立德學報，35-41。

8. 元智大學（民95）。元智大學發展國際一流大學及頂尖研究中心計畫書，95年11月。

22. 林德怡(2004)，「大學商管教育國際化程度與進入模式之研究─以美國大學為例」，元智大學國際企業研究所碩士論文。

92. Association of Universities and College of Canada (2001). Beyond borders: universities in an era of global knowledge. Ottawa: AUCC.

95. Ellingboe (1997), ”The most frequently asked questions about internationalization” http://education.umn.edu.