台北市國中學生成癮物質使用行為與社會影響因素、風險知覺之關係研究

A Study on the relationship among behavior of substance use, social influence,and risk perception among Junior High School students.

張素菁(Chang Su-Ching)

指導教授 ： 李景美教授

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討台北市國中學生使用成癮物質與社會影響因素、風險知覺的情況，及使用成癮物質與社會影響因素、風險知覺之關係。

研究對象為九十六學年度第二學期台北市中正區二所國民中學學生，以集束抽樣方式從二所國中七、八年級各抽四班為樣本，獲得有效樣本數為521名學生。研究工具採結構式調查問卷，問卷內容包括：基本資料、家人及同儕使用成癮物質的態度及行為、成癮物質的風險知覺、使用成癮性物質行為等四部分。資料收集採班級集體填答方式進行。

研究結果發現，8.1%的學生曾經吸菸，38.8%的學生曾經喝過啤酒或水果酒，8.7%的學生曾經喝過烈酒，0.2%曾經使用成癮藥物。在社會人口學變項中，以性別與家庭完整性分別與學生吸菸行為有顯著相關(OR值分別為2.28及2.42)。在社會影響因素中，以最要好朋友吸菸行為(OR=12.13)能顯著預測學生的吸菸行為，兄弟姐妹飲酒行為(OR=2.82)與最要好朋友飲酒行為(OR=3.67)分別能顯著預測學生使用啤酒或水果酒行為，而使用烈酒行為則以母親(OR=3.84)與兄弟姐妹(OR=4.14)的飲酒行為能顯著預測其烈酒行為。風險知覺變項中，吸菸行為以自覺吸菸危險(OR=0.86)與自覺吸菸利益(OR=1.24)能顯著預測學生吸菸行為，另外自覺啤酒利益(OR=1.25)與自覺烈酒利益(OR=1.16)分別能顯著預測學生使用啤酒或水果酒行為與烈酒行為。

研究建議，成癮物質防制教育宜擴及家庭與同儕團體，實施防制成癮物質教育的時間應提早至國小高年級階段，設計課程宜能涵蓋飲酒教育課程，並將青少年對成癮物質的益處納入實務設計的考量。對未來研究的建議，冀希能擴及研究對象，成癮物質防制教育課程融入風險知覺概念並發展相關的量表，同時配合質性研究，以達質量並重。

關鍵字

風險知覺 ； 成癮物質使用 ； 社會影響因素 ； 吸菸 ； 飲酒 ； 國中學生

並列摘要

The main purpose of this research was to explore the relationship among social influence, risk perception and substance use behavior among the junior high school students.
The sample was selected by using cluster sampling method .Three schools were included,with the total number of valid questionnaires being 521.The data were collected via a group self-administration.
The main findings of the study were as following:
(1)The rate of the students who had the experience of smoking was 8.1%.
(2)The rate of the students who had the experience of drinking beer or fruit wine was 38.8%.
(3)The rate of the students who had the experience of drinking liquor was 8.7%.
(4)The rate of the students who had the experience of use addictive drugs was 0.2%.
Among social demography variables,gender and family integrity were significantly associated with the smoking of the students behavior(OR=2.28;OR=2.42).
Among the social influence variables,the smoking behavior of the friend (OR=2.13)was found to be significiant predictior of the smoking behavior of the students.The drinking behavior siblings (OR=2.82) and best friend (OR=3.67) were found to be significiant predictiors of beer or fruit wine drinking behavior. The drinking behavior of mother (OR=3.84) and siblings (OR=4.14) were found to be significiant predictiors of liquor drinking behavior.Among the risk perception variables ,perceived risk of smoking (OR=0.86)drinking and perceived benefits of smoking(OR=1.24) were found to be significiant predictiors of smoking behavior of the students. Perceived benefits of beer(OR=1.25) and liquor (OR=1.16) were found to be significiant predictiors of beer and liquor drinking behavior.
The findings of the study suggest that drug education be extended to families and peer groups.Inaddictions,alcholol education and perceived benefit of addictive subatances should be were involved in the curriculum. Regarding the future research, it is suggested that study sample size should be expanded and substance-risk perception scale should be developed. Also, the collection of the data should be achieved via both qualitative and quantitative methods.

並列關鍵字

risk perception ； addictive subatance use ； social influence ； smoking ； drinking ； Junior High School students

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