男性和緩處遇受刑人在監適應以及需求研究—以臺北監獄為例

Adaptation and Special Needs for Incarcerated Male Offenders -A Study of Taipei Prison

溫敏男(Min-Nan Wen)

指導教授 ： 許春金

國立臺北大學/社會科學學院/犯罪學研究所/碩士(2011年)

摘要

鑑於筆者觀察受刑人在衛生醫療問題日益嚴重，矯正機關和緩處遇受刑人相對弱勢等因素，引發研究者深入探討和緩處遇受刑人在監適應之動機。研究之目的在探討和緩處遇受刑人社會支持、在監適應歷程及需求，以求滿足和緩處遇受刑人需求並善盡照顧之責，減低病痛及情緒壓力引發戒護事故。研究方法採用質性訪談，以臺北監獄和緩處遇受刑人8位、1位教區科員及4位教誨師為研究對象，透過蒐集及訪談獲取資料，並運用文獻分析及次級資料加以歸納整理，三角校正方式增加研究信度與效度。主要研究發現如下：
和緩處遇受刑人在監適應方面，監禁五大痛苦及壓力理論適宜解釋和緩處遇受刑人適應狀況；因應壓力退縮反應，容易造成適應問題；社會支持對和緩處遇受刑人具有緩衝效果；自我控制決定了在監適應的良窳；戒護軍事化管理難以適應；醫療資源匱乏，憂心疾病無法獲得控制；無法自由參加技能訓練；病犯容易自卑；運動頻率不足；宗教課程有助和緩處遇受刑人在監適應。
和緩處遇受刑人在監需求方面，監獄環境中需求扶手；生活輔具中需求攪拌機、洗衣機；生活照顧中需求心靈陪伴者；衛生醫療中需求醫療品質提升，納入全民健保；教化活動中需求進修管道；技能訓練中需求參與技訓機會；飲食中需求流質食物；集中管理中需求集中管理整合提供醫療、復健資源。
根據研究發現提出以下建議強化社會支持網絡，增辦懇親頻率，籌辦多元宗教課程；打造安心服刑的無障礙矯正家園；保障和緩處遇受刑人醫療權利；放寬技能訓練參與限制；設立獨立工場集中管理；培養矯正人員天使性格，以人為本，重視人性關懷；落實轉向刑事政策，拒絕收監。

關鍵字

和緩處遇 ； 受刑人 ； 在監適應 ； 需求

並列摘要

The health and medical care issues of special needs offenders in correctional institutions gradually worsen. Qualitative interviews were conducted on 8 inmate patients, 1 prison officer, and 4 counselors in Taipei Prison. The study aims to investigate social supports, adaptations and needs in prison, using the triangulation method to increase the study’s reliability and validity.
The study found that in term of in-prison adaptation of inmate patients, the five main agonies of imprisonment and the pressure theory could explain fittingly the inmate patients’ states of adjustment; the withdrawal reaction from pressure easily led to adjustment problems; social supports was a major force in helping inmates to adapt to life in prison; self-control determined the quality of adaptation in prison; militarized management was difficult to get acclimated; there was the concern that illness could not be controlled for the lack of medical care; skill trainings could not be joined freely; inmate patients were likely to hold a low self-esteem; the frequency of exercise was inadequate; religious courses helped inmate patients adjust to life in prison.
In term of in-prison needs of inmate patients, handrails throughout the prison, assistive instruments, such as stirring and washing machines, spiritual companions for living care, the incorporation into NHI coverage for the enhancement in the quality of medical care, channels for continuing training during edification, opportunities to participate in skill training, liquid foods in the diet and the providing of medical and rehabilitation resources in centralized management were needed.
The study suggested reinforcing social supports by holding more family visits and by organizing diverse courses, the creation of a barrier-free correction home where prison terms can be served out worry-free, enhancing the medical care, setting up the centralized management of workshops, paying attention to humanistic care by being human-oriented, and cultivating the angelic qualities in correctional workers by starting from the heart, the relaxations of participation restrictions regarding skill trainings and the realization of the shift to the penal policy, denying prison custody.

並列關鍵字

Mild measure ； inmates ； prison adjustment ； need

參考文獻

許春金，2007，《犯罪學》。臺北：三民。

萬明美、林茂榮，2003，《身心障礙受刑人在監處遇及適應之研究》。《行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告》。

吳佩蓉，2010，《女性高齡受刑人在監生活適應及需求之研究》，臺北大學犯罪學研究所碩士論文。

李佩珍，2008，《宗教教誨對男性受刑人在監適應影響之實證分析》，臺北大學犯罪學研究所碩士論文。

邱慶華，2009，《社會連結、自我控制與非行少年偏差行為之研究--以台灣地區少年輔育院為例》，國立彰化師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。