- 學位論文
警察人員貪瀆歷程之探討-以賭博性電玩為例
A Study on the Process of Police Corruption-Ｔaking Gambling Games as am Example
摘要
本研究之目的在瞭解警察於國家、社會中所扮演之功能，對於人民的生命、權益影響十分重大，基此社會大眾無不期盼警察執法應本著法律講求公平、公理及正義，倘警察因國家所賦予的公權力，卻作為其違法犯紀利器，自不見容於社會大眾。綜觀歷年來警察違法及貪瀆案件尤以賭博電玩涉及層面最廣、人數最多，實有深入探討研究必要，俾以找出問題的癥結所在，研擬具體可行政策，以有效防制不肖員警與業者掛勾，建立優良警察風紀，消弭民眾對警察的不信任感。 本研究採用內容分析法為主軸，蒐集2003-2010年間經各地方法院判決員警涉及賭博性電玩弊案共10件之資料內容予以分析；輔以96年至99年來取締電玩件數第1名的桃園縣政府警察局中，曾經擔任過警勤區員警並負責承辦過警察分局電玩業務人員共3名實施深度訪談法，並對照犯罪學理論及相關文獻加以彙整分析，希冀能達成以下目的：一、深入瞭解警察人員藉由何種職權、方式與電玩業者達成索賄的模式。二、確實瞭解電玩業者行賄的手法及行賄對象。三、剖析電玩業者行賄歷程、模式及警察索賄動機及主因，藉以策定更有效防制對策。 結果顯示，電玩業者利用合法執照掩飾違法賭博電玩，藉機獲取龐大金錢利益，並透過行賄警察勤務區、刑事責任區及一組承辦電玩業務，提供臨檢取締情資，藉以規避警察機關的查緝及獲得不取締、不查緝的消極執法作為，藉以取得賭客的認同及安全感。本研究亦發現，目前的賭博電玩業者行賄警察勤務區、刑事責任區及八大行業的業務承辦人，以透過行賄金錢為主，另以酒店邀約或提供招待為輔而達到目的。另外研究亦發現政府相關單位管理電玩權責劃分、各行政機關橫向聯繫管理法令付之闕如，導致取締上的困難，亦造成模糊的執法地帶，使得有心人士心存僥倖而游走法律邊緣。 研究發現，基於「預防甚於治療」觀點，依據「公共醫療三級預防」模式，將所有造成該類犯罪的情境要素納入考量，提出可行的建議以作為將來立法之考量，並阻斷行賄來源、改變索賄風氣、強化宣導、終結賭博電玩，建構全方位的防制與宣導作為，期以更積極有效之方法取締賭博性電玩以遏制賭博歪風，並防制警察假取締之名行索賄之實，以作為國內警察索賄犯罪防制對策之參考。 關鍵字：警察貪瀆、賭博性電玩、公共醫療三級預防模式
並列摘要
The purpose of this study is to investigate the national and societal role of the police force. The quality of the police force has a significant impact on people’s life and welfare. Therefore, the public expects police officers to follow the guidelines of law, equality and justice. If any police officer abuses the public authority granted by the country and commits crimes, it should not be tolerated. Over the past years, many corruption and crime cases in the police force involve gambling games. In fact, corruption cases which are related to gambling games involve the most people and aspects. Thus, it is necessary to have a thorough investigation into this case and find out the root causes. Furthermore, the results of the study can facilitate better and doable policy in the future to prevent unlawful dealings between the police force and the gambling industry. Hopefully, by imposing discipline in the police force, people’s trust in the police department can be regained. The study adopts text analysis as the dominant method. The data is collected from 2003-2010 verdicts by the district courts. Ten cases involving corruption in the police force and gambling industry are picked out to conduct in-depth analysis. The police department in Taoyuan County has clamped down on the most gambling cases from 2007-2010. Three police officers in the area who have managed gambling cases are interviewed also in depth. Moreover, with comparison to related criminology theories and references, the study aims to clarify the following: 1. how do the police officers deal with the gambling industry to receive bribery. 2. how does the gambling industry bribe and their objects. 3. the motives and reasons for the police force to receive bribery. In short, the study’s objective is to form better policy to combat this kind of crime. The results show that the police officers warns the gambling industry about the spot checks and do not clamps down on the store to harbor the illegal operations. Meanwhile, the gambling industry takes advantage of their valid license to cover illegal gambling games. Moreover, through bribery, the gambling industry make deals with the police officers in the beat area, the criminal responsibility district and the police branch station. It is uncovered that the gambling industry mainly offers financial benefits to bribe, with occasional treat to the bars or clubs that offer adult services. Also, the study also reveals a hole of related regulations in the administration. In addition, the duty segregation of managing gambling games is unclear in the related departments. All this results in difficulty in law enforcement and enables criminals to commit crimes. Prevention is always better than cure. Based on “the three-level prevention mode” from the public healthcare discipline, the study takes all the circumstantial elements into consideration and provides with feasible plans for future legislation. It is expected that the sources of bribery and gambling games can be terminated. Also, with more powerful promotions, hopefully there will be fewer bribery cases. It is necessary to adopt a comprehensive approach to prevent gambling games and bribery. The study can serve as a valid reference for the domestic police force to prevent similar crimes. Key words: corruption in the police force, gambling games, three-level prevention model of the public healthcare