觀光餐旅休憩科系實習生師徒制功能、自我效能、實習焦慮與職業生涯承諾之研究

A Study on the Mentoring Function, Self-Efficacy, Intern Anxiety and Career Commitment of the Interns in the Tourism and Leisure Department

葉姵伶(Pei-Ling Yeh)

指導教授 ： 林永森

共同指導教授 ： 張定中

嶺東科技大學/管理學院/觀光與休閒管理系碩士班/碩士(2017年)

摘要

餐旅教育自在大專校院成立以來，即透過在校階段的校外實習，培養學生理論與實務整合之能力與技巧，因此，透過校外實習課程是有益於培養學生實際經驗與技能，學生在校期間由校內老師擔任傳授課業與技能的角色，而在實習階段則必須由職場的主管或有經驗的同事，傳授職場所需的技能與知識，同時也讓學生逐漸融入職場文化。因此本研究目的在於探討觀光餐旅休憩科系實習學生師徒制功能(職涯功能、心理社會功能)對於自我效能、實習焦慮與職業生涯承諾(職業生涯認同、職業生涯規劃、職業生涯韌性)的影響。研究對象以觀光餐旅休憩科系之曾經進行過校外實習學生進行問卷調查，共獲得371份有效問卷。經文獻回顧與相關理論提出研究假設，運用所收集之資料檢驗本研究之假設。研究結果顯示：(一)不同「實習類型」在「自我效能」與「職業生涯韌性」有顯著差異；(二)是否有「實習前產業經驗」及「實習中工作輪調」在「心理社會功能」有顯著差異；(三)是否有「實習前產業證照」在「自我效能」、「實習焦慮」與「職業生涯認同」有顯著差異；(四)不同「實習場域」在「職業生涯認同」與「職業生涯規劃」有顯著差異；(五)「職涯功能」會正向影響「自我效能」；(六)「心理社會功能」會正向影響「自我效能」、「心理社會功能」會負向影響「實習焦慮」；(七)「自我效能」會正向影響「職業生涯承諾」；(八)「實習焦慮」會負向影響「職業生涯承諾」；(九)「自我效能」在「職涯功能」與「心理社會功能」對「職業生涯承諾」具有中介效果；(十)「實習焦慮」在「心理社會功能」對「職業生涯承諾」具有中介效果。最後，藉由研究結果可提供學校及校外實習廠商規劃實習制度運作之參考。

關鍵字

師徒制功能 ； 自我效能 ； 實習焦慮 ； 職業生涯承諾

並列摘要

Since the foundation of universities and colleges, hospitality education has been applied to cultivate students’ ability and skills of integrating theory and practice by means of internship in school. Therefore, the internship curriculum is beneficial to cultivate students’ practical experience and technology. In school, teachers play roles of teaching courses and technology. During internship period, supervisors or experienced colleagues in the working field are responsible for training interns the required skills and knowledge, and making them get involved in the working environment gradually. As a result, this study aims primarily at exploring the influence of mentoring function in the tourism and leisure department on self-efficacy, intern anxiety, and career commitment. A total of 371 valid questionnaires were collected from students who have completed internship in the tourism and leisure departments.Study hypotheses were provided from literature review and the related theories, and were tested by the collected data. The research results are as follows: 1. Different intern patterns have significant variance on self-efficacy and career resilience. 2. Industry experience before interns and rotation during interns have significant variance on psychosocial functions. 3. Getting industry certificate before interns has significant variance on self-efficacy, intern anxiety, and career resilience. 4. Different intern field has significant variance on career identify and career planning. 5. Career Functions effect self-efficacy positively. 6. Psychosocial functions effect self-efficacy positively, but effect intern anxiety negatively. 7. Self-efficacy effects career commitment positively. 8. Intern anxiety effects career commitment negatively. 9. Self-efficacy has mediating effects on career functions and psychosocial functions towards career commitment. 10. Intern anxiety has mediating effects on psychosocial functions towards career commitment. Finally, the study results provide reference of internship systems and operation for schools and internship companies.

並列關鍵字

Mentoring Functions ； Self-Efficacy ； Intern Anxiety ； Career Commitment

參考文獻

壹、中文文獻

丁顥維(2015)。主管績效回饋環境與員工焦慮,角色壓力之關係-以工作投入為干擾變項(未出版之碩士論文)。淡江大學，新北市。

林尚平、陳建龍、張明旭(2010)。國際觀光旅館後場烘焙師父工作滿意、離職傾向與工作績效之研究：華人社會之師徒功能。觀光休閒學報，16(1)，45-66。

林尚平、劉敏興、陳建龍(2013)。職涯功能定位與專業承諾之關係：以工作滿意度為中介變項。觀光休閒學報，19(2)，179-205。

邱皓政(2010)。量化研究與統計分析。臺北市：五南。