SARS時期護理專業人員的倫理困境

Duties vs. Rights: The ethical dilemmas of nurses in SARS crisis

黃芷芊(CHIH-CHIEN HUANG)

指導教授 ： 黃光國

國立臺灣大學/理學院/心理學研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2004.01764

摘要

2003年，SARS疫情侵襲台灣，醫護界陸續發生護理人員抗爭、離職、拒絕照顧SARS病患等事件。當時台灣各界認為，護理人員的倫理教育出現了重大的缺失。然而，台灣人民對護理人員的「專業倫理」作判斷時，所遵守的判斷準則是什麼？是西方專業倫理所強調的「權利」觀，還是傳統儒家以「仁」為核心的「義務」觀？本研究分兩部分：研究一對一般社會大眾與護理人員兩種受訪者進行深入訪談，結果發現：華人社會對護理人員的「專業倫理」判斷，在於護理人員是否服膺「犧牲」、「奉獻」等女性社會角色義務。處於相同社會脈絡下的護理人員，亦認同這樣的社會價值。研究二以量化方法檢驗研究一的發現。以一般大學生和護理系學生作為參與者，比較的結果顯示：一般大學生心目中，「專業」的護士，是具有犧牲自己、不求回報（不爭錢）、不喜歡爭執、及安靜的護士。護理系學生則經常要面對個人與社會義務的倫理兩難，她們期許自己實踐社會價值，又不免想到自己的權利，而經常處於矛盾之中。本研究以觀察社會現象出發，同時進行質化與量化資料研究，希望能找到最貼緊社會現象的發現。

關鍵字

權利 ； 義務 ； 專業倫理 ； 專業 ； 護理倫理 ； 倫理兩難 ； SARS時期

並列摘要

In the year of 2003, Taiwan has been seriously attacked by SARS. During the outbreak of disease, our medical system did confront the various ordeals. Especially, the dilemma occurred in the nursing system which follows sequent acts like strike against poor protection and resource, resigning from their duty, and refusing taking care of the SARS patients. When our society started to question the professional ethics of those nurses who gave up their duty and did think some deficiency showed in their formation of professional education, what are the criteria of “professional ethics” for making judgment in Taiwan society when an individual encounters an event of social issue? Does it follow the certain western principle that every individual has the same basic human “Rights”? Or it functions well as the Confucian principle of “Obligation” which is based on the core idea of Ren (Benevolence)?
In this research , the first study is based on the qualitative method which the researcher mainly gave an thorough interview respectively to the common people and nurses so as to understand the evaluation of the nurses’ “professional ethics” in Chinese society depends on whether the nurses obey the obligations defined by their feminine character of social role such as “Sacrifice”、”Dedication”. Such Obligations also are admitted by the nurses under the same situations.
The second study is to verify the result of Study I by means of quantitative approach that the researcher compares these two subjects’ response between the undergraduate students and the nursing students. The results shows that the ideal model of nurse for common undergraduate students is “The” nurse with self-sacrificed, no return (not asking money rewarding), disliking disputes, and peaceful temper；On the other hand, the nursing students would face serious conflicts that they expect themselves to fulfill the social anticipation, but can’t help thinking about their own rights, while they trap into this kind of dilemma between social responsibilities and individual rights.
This research is based on the observation on social events, and, through both analyses by the qualitative and quantitative methods, to find the best interpretation most close to the social facts.

並列關鍵字

profession ； rights ； professional ethics ； ethical dilemmas ； duties ； SARS crisis ； nursing ethics

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