應用問題導向學習於可共享之健康醫學教育網路學習教材

Apply Problem-Based Learning on Sharable Health Education Learning Material

詹如晴(Ju-Ching Chan)

指導教授 ： 徐建業

臺北醫學大學/醫學院/醫學資訊研究所/碩士(2004年)

摘要

健康教育是人們經由各種學習的機會以充實健康知識、建立和養成習慣的過程，是一門生活化的課程。但傳統學校教育教學科目傾向學科化，健康醫學課程內容容易與生活脫節，無法應用於實際情境中，學習者無參與感，所以學習意願低落。再加上學習教材的制式化，學習者的主動性鮮少被激發出來。 健康是由身體、情緒、社會、精神、文化等五個成分的安適狀態所構成，是我們擁有的最大財富。醫學雖具有高度的專業性，但網路學習資源的豐富引領著嗷嗷待哺的我們可以探究健康醫學的浩瀚，彌補學校教育的不足。選擇具有高度專業及權威性的大眾健康資訊網站，從中學習並累積面對、解決健康問題的生活常識，相信就能擁有免於疾病恐懼的知識能力。 網際網路無遠弗屆的特性造就跨國性虛擬社會，豐富的學習資源，引領著網路學習蓬勃發展。雖然電子化教材眾多，但教材再用性困難、學習內容不易跨平台、個人化教材很難做到、整合學習資訊不易取得…等，學習資源浪費引發國內外學者的研究動機，網路教材規格標準化應運而生。 本研究應用問題導向學習的教學方法，以減重為主題建置課程範例，此學習教材符合SCORM規範，完整建構出大眾健康資訊可共享之數位學習教材的規劃模式。學習者在教學者的引領下，徜徉在網路數位學習的情境中，做中學的過程，培養學生健康醫學資訊蒐集、組織、應用的能力；運用資訊科技，激發學生主動探索和研究的精神，進而創造出獨立思考與解決問題的能力。 本研究實作出符合SCORM標準的健康醫學教育網路學習教材，教學設計依據國民中小學九年一貫課程健康與體育學習領域綱要。健康醫學網路學習資源標準化的建立，教材可在不同平台上被重複使用，學習者選擇最適合自己能力的輔助課程，進行數位學習。經由數位學習健康醫學知識的過程中，培養預防重於治療的觀念，透過問題導向學習，學習者養成正面的學習態度，達到主動學習、創意學習、合作學習的目的，更期盼能引領學習者去除疾病誤解和社會偏見，進而關愛自己、體貼他人。

關鍵字

大眾健康資訊 ； 健康教育 ； 共享教材元件參考模式 ； 問題導向學習 ； 減重

並列摘要

Health education is a life-science curriculum that is designed to motivate and assist people to maintain and improve their health. It provides a multi-dimensional learning environment for us to develop increasingly health-related knowledge, attitudes, skills and practices. In our traditional education system, we paid more attention on the enrollment examination than the knowledge itself, so the curriculum in health education is easily to be out of phase with real life and can’t reflect the actual situation. The rigid learning materials limit the learner’s aspiration and active process, which leads to the result of confining students’ participation in the process of solution health problem in real life. The idea of Health includes five dimensions: physical fitness, emotional fitness, social fitness, spiritual fitness and culture fitness. All fives dimensions contribute to the total well-being of the individual. Having good health is the largest fortune. Although Medicine is a highly professional technique, we can still explore the knowledge related to health and medicine by the way of Web-based learning. Recently, more and more people use Internet to search for health information, therefore the quality of the Web page should be based on authoritativeness and trustworthiness. It is very important that people learn to increase their health knowledge and the capability of solving problem, so that they can avoid the fear of disease. When the Internet breaks down the barriers of distance and time, people enter the Cyber Society. Network-based Learning becomes widespread, and there are many learning resources on the net. However, materials in different learning management systems cannot be reused and interoperable efficiently. It is difficult to generate personal education material and integrate heterogeneity learning information. Therefore, many organizations have been drafting a variety of e-Learning standards and specifications. In this research, we applied Problem-based learning (PBL) and created a Web-based Health education weight-loss course interoperable and shareable that conforms to ADL SCORM 1.2. The main purpose of this research is to design sharable health education learning materials for Consumer Health Information. Instructor guides students to learn the topics through the Internet. Following the “learning by doing” methodology, the students will increase their capability on gathering, organizing, and making good use of information. Our target is to integrate information into instruction, and to stimulate students to have the ability of active research, independent thinking and problem-solving. In this research, we have developed a Health Education e-Learning material that conforms to SCORM. We designed the instructions according to Grade 1-9 Curriculum guidelines in Health and Physical Education learning areas. Using SCORM, our Web-based Health Medicine learning materials can be sharable to other Learning Management Systems. Students can select adaptive assist material to learn. Through the Health Education e-Learning, the students will obtain health knowledge and understand that prevention is more important than treatment. Through Problem-based learning, students work cooperatively in groups to seek solution to real world health problems. PBL trains students to think critically and analytically, and let students find and use appropriate learning resources. With the experience of this research, we expect the public can get rid of disease-misunderstanding and social prejudice in the future and take care of themselves and others.

並列關鍵字

Consumer Health Information ； Health Education ； SCORM ； Problem-Based Learning ； Weight Loss

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1.2: The SCORM Overview. ADL (2001). Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative. Sharable Content Object Reference Model Version