學校行政體系之微觀政治現象研究—以一所國民中學為例

The Study on Micropolitical Phenomena of School Administrative System— An Analytical Case Study in a Junior High School

胡士琳(Shih-Lin Hu)

指導教授 ： 黃乃熒

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討學校行政體系之微觀政治現象，並從中瞭解微觀政治現象所蘊藏的問題及其對學校組織運作的影響，最後找出能有助於解決微觀政治現象所蘊藏問題之政治權力策略。在本研究中，學校行政體系是由校長、行政人員及教師三種不同利害關係人所構成的關係網絡，而微觀政治現象則是由「意識型態與利益」、「政治衝突」以及「政治權力策略」三大要素所形成。基於研究目的，為了深入探究實存於學校行政體系之微觀政治現象，本研究採質性研究法，以一所國民中學為個案進行研究，並藉由訪談與觀察的資料蒐集方式，經由對於資料的分析與討論、探索反省與啟示，以提出結論與建議。

根據本研究的目的，本研究的結論如下：
一、在學校行政體系微觀政治現象中，不同利害關係人間意識型態的矛盾，來自其所持利益觀點的不同。
二、在學校行政體系微觀政治現象中，各利害關係人常會避開正面的衝突。
三、在學校行政體系微觀政治現象中，某一利害關係層級的政治衝突，會影響其他利害關係層級亦產生政治衝突。
四、在學校行政體系微觀政治現象中，體系成員的政治權力策略運用是基於權力階層關係。
五、在學校行政體系微觀政治現象中，當體系成員運用影響型與保護型政治權力策略時，容易產生不良的影響。
六、學校行政體系微觀政治現象所蘊藏的問題，在於利害關係人缺乏反省力。
七、學校行政體系微觀政治現象所蘊藏的問題，會擴大影響學校組織層級的運作。
八、學校行政體系微觀政治現象所蘊藏問題之解決，應透過體系成員的道德意識來運用政治權力策略。

根據本研究的結論，本研究對學校行政體系成員的建議如下：
一、體系成員應超越自我意識型態與利益
二、體系成員應使潛藏式的政治衝突適時浮出檯面
三、體系成員應具有生態觀，避免輕忽任一利害關係層級中的衝突
四、體系成員應避免受制於權力階層型態，促進更合理的互動關係
五、體系成員應加強對權力策略運用的反省，避免壓迫他人或隱匿自我立場
六、體系成員應加強自我道德的修練

關鍵字

學校行政體系 ； 微觀政治現象

並列摘要

The study is to explore the micropolitical phenomena of school administrative system, inclusive of investigating the embedded problems within the micropolitical phenomena, understanding their potential impacts on school organizational operation, and finally finding out the political power strategies to resolve these embedded problems. In this study, the school administrative system is defined as a network composed of three types of stakeholders—principal, administrators and teachers. The micropolitical phenomena are therefore woven by three elements—‘Ideology and Interest’, ‘Political Conflict’, and ‘Political Power Strategies’. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the micropolitical phenomena in school, this study takes a junior high school as case study and adopts qualitative approaches, such as methods of interview and observation to collect data.

According to the results of data analysis and discussion, the conclusions are synthesized as follows:

I. The ideological contradictions of different stakeholders come from their different interest concerns.
II. Each stakeholder inclines to avoid explicit conflicts.
III. The conflicts between some stakeholders will also influence other stakeholders’ interaction and then cause more serious political conflicts.
IV. The stakeholders choose different types of political power strategies depending on their power relationship in the school bureaucracy.
V. When stakeholders use power strategies to influence others or protect oneself, this will arouse more negative effects.
VI. The deficiency of stakeholders’ self-reflection is the main factor of the embedded problems within the micropolitical phenomena of school administrative system.
VII. The embedded problems within the micropolitical phenomena of school administrative system result in the negative impacts on school organizational operation.
VIII. In order to solve the embedded problems within the micropolitical phenomena of school administrative system, the stakeholders should use political power strategies based on their moral consciousness.
According to the conclusions above, the suggestions to the stakeholders in school administrative system are as follows:

I. Each stakeholder in the school administrative system should transcend their own ideology and interests.
II. Each stakeholder in the school administrative system should let the underlying conflicts come out in time.
III. Each stakeholder in the school administrative system should adopt the perspective of ecology to avoid neglecting any conflicts in the system.
IV. Each stakeholder in the school administrative system should build a more reasonable relationship through avoiding the limits of power relationship in the school bureaucracy.
V. Each stakeholder in the school administrative system should enhance the reflections on their use of political power strategies in order to avoid oppressing others or concealing one’s own standpoint.
VI. All stakeholders in the school administrative system should show moral praxis to others.

並列關鍵字

School Administrative System ； Micropolitical Phenomena

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