The 21(superscript st) Century is not only a new millennium, but also presents a new landmark of human life. During this period of time, the role that art education plays is actually important. In this article, base on the review of the history of Taiwan education to examine the changing trend of our society and its relationship with art education. The research suggests three dimensions: function, content and method to consider the core of art education. Finally, the researcher tries to argue three ideas: subject, environment, and method that relate to the essence of art education to declare the role that it may play.