國民小學教師工作壓力對工作滿意度影響之研究---幸福感中介效果之驗證

An Empirical Study of Work Stress Impact on Job Satisfaction in Elementary School Teachers ─ Verify Mediating Effect of Well-being

陳信介(HSIN-CHIEH CHEN)

指導教授 ： 劉春初

長榮大學/管理學院/高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)/碩士(2010年)

摘要

邁入二十一世紀是知識經濟的時代，社會環境變化迅速且複雜，教育現場趨向開放與多元化，身處這一波教育改革浪潮中，隨著時空背景的改變，學校生態已不如以往，各界對教師的要求與日俱增，每位教師多少都會感受來自工作的壓力。故本研究主要在探討教師工作壓力對工作滿意度之間的相關性和幸福感在工作壓力影響工作滿意度過程中所產生的中介效果。
本研究經由文獻探討及嚴格的統計分析，編製出具有良好信度與效度之『教師工作壓力量表』、『工作滿意度量表』與『幸福感量表』，並以台南縣國民小學的教師為施測對象，採取立意抽樣方式發出300份問卷，共計回收有效問卷257份，有效回收率為86%，並應用描述性統計、獨立樣本 t 檢定、變異數分析、迴歸分析等統計方法驗證本研究之假設，根據統計分析結果歸納出研究結論如下：1.教師工作壓力與工作滿意度二者間有顯著負向關係，且能產生顯著負向影響；2.教師工作壓力與幸福感二者間有顯著負向關係，且能產生顯著負向影響；3. 幸福感與工作滿意度二者間有顯著正向關係，且能產生顯著正向影響；4. 幸福感在教師工作壓力影響工作滿意度之過程中會有顯著的中介效果。
最後就本研究之結論與管理意涵作深入探討，並呈現具體之研究貢獻與實務建議，以供學術界與教育界參酌。

關鍵字：國小教師、工作壓力、工作滿意度、幸福感

關鍵字

國小教師 ； 工作壓力 ； 工作滿意度 ； 幸福感

並列摘要

The 21st century is the era of knowledge economy, with the social environment changing rapidly and complicated, education sites becoming opener and diversified, the school ecology has changed under the transition of educational revolution. Therefore, this research mainly discussed the correlation between work pressure and work satisfaction, as well as the mediating effect resulted from sense of happiness on work satisfaction through work pressure.
Through literature review and strict statistic analysis, this research established the “scale of teachers’ work pressure”, “scale of work satisfaction” and “scale of sense of happiness” with great validity and reliability. The subjects were teachers from primary school in Tainan County, 300 questionnaires were delivered through purposive sampling, with 257 valid portions recycled, a valid recycle rate of 86%. Descriptive statistics, independent T-test, ANOVA and regression analysis were adopted to verify the assumptions in this research, the conclusions made through statistical analysis were: 1. There existed significantly negative relationship between work pressure and work satisfaction of teachers, and may incur negative influence; 2. There existed significantly negative relationship between work pressure and sense of happiness of teachers, and may incur negative influence; 3. There existed significantly positive relationship between work satisfaction and sense of happiness of teachers, and may incur positive influence and 4. Sense of happiness would have significant mediating effect through the process of work pressure influencing work satisfaction.
In the last part, this research made deep discussion on conclusions and managerial insights, and presented concrete contributions and practical recommendation as reference for academic circle and education field.

Keywords: Primary School Teachers, Work Pressure, Work Satisfaction, Sense of Happiness

並列關鍵字

Primary School Teachers ； Work Pressure ； Work Satisfaction ； Sense of Happiness

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