全民國防教育政策及其對台南市高中職生國家安全認知之研究：以（3+1）i決策模型應用為例

All-out Defense Education Policy And National Security Perception of Tainan City High School Students As An Sample: A Study of the (3 +1) i Model For Example.

田慶琦(Tien Ching-Chi)

指導教授 ： 宋學文

國立中正大學/社會科學院/戰略暨國際事務研究所/碩士(2012年)

摘要

全民國防教育課程的目標與所要培養學生的核心能力，主要在建立學生對國家安全認知與共識。而全民國防教育法自施行以來，各級學校均安排課程實施全民國防教育，然學生對國家安全的認知為何？實為本人一直想要瞭解的答案，因此，本研究以高中職學生為研究對象，希望瞭解他們對國家安全的認知。
本研究以（3+1）i決策模型及「高中職學生國家安全認知調查問卷」為主要的研究工具，並以台南市行政區域的49所公私立高中、高職學生為研究母群體，以群集抽樣（cluster sampling）的方式，分別對東區、西區、南區、安南區、中西區、新營區、北門區、曾文區、新豐區、新化區等共抽取10所學校，對抽樣學校的一、二、三年級隨機各抽取1班共計30個班，獲得有效問卷數1109份。
研究結果發現台南市地區高中職學生獲得國家安全的相關認知途徑，以「全民國防教育課」853人，佔人數比率76.9%最多；其次為「電視廣播」526人，佔人數比率47.4%；再次之為「報紙雜誌」有364人，佔人數比率32.8%。台南市地區高中職學生「性別」與國家安全認知上之差異分析，在「國家意識方面」、「政治方面」、「軍事方面」等構面有顯著的差異性（p＜0.001）；在「國家意識方面」及「政治方面」，女生比男生較容易受影響；「軍事方面」，男生比女生較容易受影響。台南市高中職學生「學業成績高低」對「國家意識方面」、「經濟方面」、「軍事方面」、「綜合安全方面」等四項，迴歸效果達顯著水準。
建議高中職以上學生年度內未修「全民國防教育課程」者，則每年應參加「全民國防常年教育課程」4-6小時，避免全民國防教育斷層。另對於學校推動全民國防教育須中央主管機關共同解決的困難，建議國防部與教育部應儘速共同研商解決，以利學校全民國防教育之執行。

關鍵字

全民國防 ； 全民國防教育 ； 國家安全 ； 3i決策模型

並列摘要

The objective and to develop students’ core competencies of the All-out Defense Education are that mainly established students' national security awareness and consensus. After the implementation of the law of All-out Defense Education, the schools at all levels are arranged courses to implement All-out Defense Education. However, in the students' cognitive, what is national security? This is the answer I've always wanted to know. Therefore, the objects of this research mainly are high school and vocational high school students, hopes to be able to understand their awareness of national security.

In the study, it used the (3+1) i Model and the self-written questionnaire, “National Security Awareness Questionnaire of High School And Vocational High School Students” as mainly research tools. And Tainan administrative region of 49 public and private high schools, vocational high school students for the study population, used the cluster sampling method, collected a total of 10 schools were from Eastern District, Western District, Southern District, Annan District, West Central District, Xinying District, Beimen District, Zengwen District, Xinfeng District, and Xinhua District. Randomly selected a class for each grade of the sample schools, and the total are 30 classes, obtained 1109 valid questionnaires.

The results showed that the Tainan area high school students access to national security-related cognitive ways, the most is “All-out Defense Education Class”, 853 people, account for 76.9%; the second is “Television or Radio”, 526 people, account for 47.4%; the third is “Newspaper or Magazine”, 364 people, account for 32.8%. Analyze Tainan area high school students' differences on national security awareness between “gender”, there are very significant differences in “National Consciousness”, “Political Aspects” and “Military Aspects”; in “National Consciousness” and “Political Aspects”, the girls cognitive are higher than boys; in “Military Aspects”, the boys cognitive are higher than girls. The desired effects, “National Consciousness”, “Political Aspects”, “Military Aspects” and “Comprehensive security” can be seen in All-out Defense Education's score of Tainan Area high school students.

Avoid the All-out Defense Education faults, the high school students do not elective the All-out Defense Education courses in the first half semester, should participate in “The National Defense Year Round Education Programs” 4-6 hours every year. Besides, the collective discussion as soon as possible to solve for the schools to promote the All-out Defense Education, it shall be the central competent authority together to resolve the difficulties and recommended that the Department of Defense and the Ministry of Education, to benefit the implementation of the All-out Defense Education.

並列關鍵字

All-out Defense ； All-out Defense Education ； National security ； 3i Model

參考文獻

陳子平，「全民國防的法治建構與實踐」，國防雜誌，第21 卷第4 期（2006年8 月），頁5-26。

陳欣之，「國際安全研究之理論變遷與挑戰」，遠景基金會季刊，第4卷3期（2003年7月），頁1-40。

楊昊，「安全治理的理論與實踐：以東南亞國協安全治理模式的建構與演化為例」，台灣政治學刊，第9卷第2期（2005），頁153-231。

蘇局玄，「全民國防與學生軍訓教育發展之研究」，國立台北科技大學技術及職業教育研究所碩士論文，2007年。

陳子平，「從中共三戰威脅探討我國全民國防教育之具體實踐」，96年全民國防教育學術研討會論文集，國防部總政治作戰局，2007年。