長刑期受刑人自我效能、在監適應對復歸認知之影響研究

李軍豪(Jun-Hao Li)

指導教授 ： 戴伸峰

國立中正大學/教育學院/犯罪防治學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討長刑期受刑人自我效能、在監適應對復歸認知之影響，以及不同背景變項在三者之差異。本研究以自編問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，研究工具包括「自我效能量表」、「生活適應量表」、「復歸認知量表」，並參考Sherer 等人(1982)、Schwarzer, Bäßler, Kwiatek, Schröder 與 Zhang(2008)自我效能量表及質性訪談結果進行編製。本研究有效樣本共419人。
本研究以描述性統計、探索式因素分析、驗證式因素分析、多變量變異數分析及相關與結構方程模型進行分析。在自我效能萃取出「自我信心效能」、「獨立作業效能」、「堅持努力效能」、「面對困境效能」及「面對複雜作業效能」等5項因素；在監適應萃取出「監所生活資源適應」、「負面人際適應」、「正面人際適應」及「教化活動適應」等4項因素；復歸認知萃取出「社會關係復歸認知」及「社會生存復歸認知」等2項因素。所有因素之建構效度均獲得確認。
此外，透過多變量變異數分析，本研究發現年齡越小、教育程度越高、接見與通信頻率越高、監所所得越高、家中有父親及母親者，對自我效能的評估越高；年齡越小、接見與通信頻率越高、有宗教信仰者在監適應較好；已婚者、接見與通信頻率越高者，復歸認知越正向。
最後，透過結構方程模型，本研究發現長刑期受刑人在監適應對自我效能有顯著影響，自我效能對復歸認知有顯著影響，但自我效能對在監適應影響復歸認知上並無中介效果。
本研究以Bandura(1977)社會學習理論及Agnew(1992)一般化緊張理論解釋研究結果，並提出未來研究及矯治實務政策相關之建議。

關鍵字

長刑期 ； 自我效能 ； 在監適應 ； 復歸認知

並列摘要

The purpose of the present research was to explore the effects of self efficacy, adjustment in prison toward the percepts of rehabilitation in long-term inmates, and to explore the differences between different types of long-term inmates. The data were collected by questionnaires. Referred to the Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer, Bäßler, Kwiatek, Schröder, & Zhang, 2008; Sherer et al., 1982) and qualitative results of the interviews, the questionnaire included self efficacy scale, adjustment scale and percepts of rehabilitation scale. There were 419 samples.
According to the factor analysis results, self efficacy was derived 5 factors: confidence, independent working, work-complicated facing, difficulties facing, and insistence. Adjustment in prison was derived 4 factors: the resources in prison, negative interpersonal relationship, positive interpersonal relationship and actions of rehabilitation. Percepts of rehabilitation were derived 2 factors: social relationship rebuilding and to gain a living outside.
According to the MANOVA, researcher found that the long-term inmates who were younger, higher education, had more contacts with outside, had more money in prison and whose father or mother still is the family member, had better self efficacy evaluating. Long-term inmates who were younger, had more contacts with outside and had religious beliefs, had better adjustment in prison. Long-term inmates who were married, had more contacts with outside, had better percepts of rehabilitation.
Finally, according to the SEM, researcher found that adjustment in prison could predict the self efficacy, and self efficacy could predict the percepts of rehabilitation. Self efficacy was not the medium effects between adjustment in prison and the percepts of rehabilitation. The result was discussed by Bandura’s Social Learning Theory and Agnew’s General Strain Theory. There were some suggestions.

並列關鍵字

Long-term ； Self Efficacy ； Adjustment in Prison ； Percepts of Rehabilitation

參考文獻

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