社區民眾自覺健康、健康行為自我效能、健康促進生活型態與幸福感之關係

Study the Relationships of Perceived Health Status, Health Behavior Self-Efficacy, Health Promoting Lifestyles and Well-Being among Community Residents

黃景揚(Ching-Yang Huang)

指導教授 ： 葉季森

中臺科技大學/管理學院/健康產業管理研究所/碩士(2010年)

摘要

背景及目的：世界各國蓬勃推展健康促進運動，卻鮮見健康促進生活型態與幸福感的研究。本研究旨在探討社區民眾自覺健康、健康行為自我效能、健康促進生活型態與幸福感的現況及各變項之間的關係，以為推動社區健康促進之參考。
方法：以台中縣太平市社區民眾為研究對象，採家戶面訪方式，進行結構式問卷調查，得有效問卷575份。研究工具含：「自覺健康量表」、「健康行為自我效能量表」、「健康促進生活型態中文簡式量表(HPLP-S)」、「幸福表現量表」、「主觀幸福感受量表」、個人基本資料表。
結果：研究對象的「自覺健康」、「健康行為自我效能」、「健康促進生活型態」、「幸福表現」、「主觀幸福感」均屬中等程度(平均值2.53〜4.17分)。「自覺健康」、「健康行為自我效能」、「健康促進生活型態」、「幸福表現」及「主觀幸福感」之間均呈現顯著正相關。由逐步複迴歸分析得知，「自我實現」、「人際支持」、「營養效能」及「自覺健康」四個變項能共同解釋研究對象「幸福表現」總變異量的41.9%。另外，「自我實現」、「自覺健康」、「心理安適效能」、「人際支持」及「已婚」五個變項共同解釋研究對象「主觀幸福感」總變異量的30.7%。
　　結論：自我實現、人際支持、營養效能、收入、自覺健康、婚姻、安適效能及教育程度對幸福感具有影響力。建議推動社區健康促進時，可從「自我實現」、「人際支持」、「營養效能」、「自覺健康」、「安適效能」等健康議題介入，以提昇社區民眾的健康與幸福感。

關鍵字

健康促進生活型態 ； 健康行為自我效能 ； 自覺健康 ； 幸福感

並列摘要

Background and purposes: When health promotion activities are booming globally, studies on health promoting lifestyle and well-being are seldom noticed. This study aims to discuss the present conditions of citizens in communities being aware of health, health behavioral self-efficiency, health promoting lifestyle, and the well-being and the correlation among the variables, as the reference for promoting community health promotion.
　　Methods: Taking the community citizens in Taiping City, Taichung Country as the subjects, structural questionnaire surveys were preceded with the interviews with households and 575 effective copies were retrieved. The research tools included “General Health Perception Scale”, “Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices”, “Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile-Short Form (HPLP-S)”, “Well-being Performance Scale”, “Well-being Perception Scale”, and personal information.
　　Results: The results of “Health perception”, “Self-rated abilities for health practices”, “Health promotion lifestyle”, “Well-being performance”, and “Well-being perception” of the subjects were moderate with average scores of 2.53〜4.17. The correlations among “Health perception”, “Self-rated abilities for health practices”, “Health promotion lifestyle”, and “Well-being performance” presented significant positive. With the analyses of stepwise multiple regression, the variables of “self-fulfillment”, “interpersonal support”, “nutrition efficacy”, and “health perception” were able to explain 41.9% of the total measure of variation of “well-being performance” of the subjects. Besides, the variables of “self-fulfillment”, “health perception”, “mental comfort efficacy”, “interpersonal support”, and “married” could explain 30.7% of the total measure of variation of “well-being perception” of the subjects.
　　Conclusions: Self-fulfillment, interpersonal support, nutrition efficacy, income, health perception, marriage, comfort efficacy, and education background are influential to well-being. It is therefore suggested to interfere in the health issues of “self-fulfillment”, “interpersonal support”, “nutrition efficacy”, “health perception”, and “comfort efficacy” in promoting community health promotion, so as to enhance the health and well-being of community citizens.

並列關鍵字

health perception ； Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices ； well-being ； Health Promotion Lifestyle

參考文獻

尹祚芊(2000)。學校衛生護理，台灣醫學，4(2)，215-222。

李蘭（1991）。健康行為的概念與研究，中華衛誌，10（5），199-211。

林梅香(2001)。某護專學生健康行為自我效能與健康狀況相關因素之探討－原住民學生與非原住民學生之比較。長庚護理，12(1)，12-18。

林雅雯，游琇茜，翁政玉，黃于晏，楊琇惠，劉智綱(2003)，醫院員工健康促進生活型態及其決定因素之探討—以新竹某區域教學醫院為例，醫務管理期刊，4(4)，77-90。

邱啟潤、柯任桂(2000)。健康相關的飲食與運動行為自我效能量表信度效度之評估。護理研究，8(3)，301-312。