台灣佛教史前期

生長在台灣的人不可以不知道台灣這塊土地的歷史，這已經是目前大多數台灣人共有的認識。由此筆者想到身為台灣人的佛教徒，實有必要了解台灣佛教的歷史。基於如此的認識，促使筆者嘗試著〈台灣佛教史〉的寫作。首先筆者選擇以明清時代的佛教，作為研究的領域，這是從縱的面，也就是從時間的流程，來探討台灣佛教的來源。另一研究的領域，是以江南、福建的佛教，為探討的對象，這是從橫的面，也就是從地域來看台灣的佛教，如此大概可一窺擁有四百年歷史的台灣佛教。本論文，首先介紹學界對台灣佛教所作的時代區分說；其次探討佛教的傳入及其源流。關於佛教的傳入台灣，是以考察台南四大古剎中的竹溪寺、彌陀寺的創建年代，及福建僧侶參徹法師來台主持赤山龍湖岩、興建碧雲寺、大仙寺的經緯，來作為判定的依據。致於其源流，則以日本統治時期，日本人來台的見聞及總督府的宗教調查報告書為本，理出鼓山涌泉寺、黃檗山萬福寺的宗派屬性及信仰內容。再其次，是研討滿清時期成立的開元寺、法華寺及黃檗寺，其在滿清統治時期的沿革及其僧侶活動的情形。但因篇幅限制，本論文僅介紹至法華寺，至於黃檗寺及僧侶的活動，則留到台灣佛教史後期中發表。

關鍵字

台南四大古剎；禪宗流派；福建湧泉寺；禪淨雙修；媽祖信仰

並列摘要

Those who were born and grew up in Taiwan should understand the history of the land. This is already the consensus of most people living in Taiwan. From this, the author thinks that as a Taiwanese Buddhist she has the need to understand the history of Buddhism in Taiwan. Based on this recognition, the author tries to write ＂The History of Buddhism in Taiwan.＂ First, the author chooses the Buddhism in Ming and Ch'ing Dynasties as the field of research. This is an investigation of the Buddhism in Taiwan from longitudinal side, i.e. the process of time. The other field of research is the Buddhism in the area south to Yantze River and Fuchien. This is a look on the Buddhism in Taiwan on the horizontal side, i.e. the area. In this way one may understand the Buddhism in Taiwan which has a history of 400 years. This paper first intruduces the classification of the period of history by scholars. Secondly, it discusses the introduction of Buddhism into Taiwan and its origin. As regards the introduction of Buddhism into Taiwan, the justification is based on the time of the building of Chu-hsi-szu Monastery and Mito'u - szu Monastery, two of the four large and old monasteries in Taiwan, as well as the story of monk Cha'n Tz'e who came from Fuchien to Taiwan to take charge of the T'chi-shan Lung-hu-yen Monastery and to construct the Bi-yun-szu Monastery and the Ta-shien-szu Monastery. As regards its origin, the material is based on the writings of the japanese and the religio census report by the General Administration during the period of Japanese occupation, thus resulting in the sectarian belongingness and the content of faith of the Ku-shan Yuon-Chuan-szu Monastery and the Huang-po-shan Wan-fu-szu Monastery. Next, the author examines the history and the monk's activities of Kaiyuan- szu Monastery, Fa-hua-szu Monastery and Huang-po-szu Monastery in Ch'ing Dynasty. All these three monasteries were built in Ch'ing Dynasty. However, due to the limit of space, the Huang-po-szu Monastery and the monk's activities are left to be discussed in next paper.