家長參與學校事務之個案研究─以桃園縣一所國小為例

A Case Study of Parents' Involvement in the Educational Affairs at an Elementary School in the Tao-Yuan County

利百芳(Pai-Fang Li)

指導教授 ： 楊朝祥

中原大學/人文與教育學院/教育研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400200

摘要

家長參與學校事務之個案研究
─以桃園縣一所國小為例
作者：利百芳
中原大學 教育研究所
摘要
本研究旨在瞭解國民小學家長參與學校事務的現況，並探討國小家長參與學校事務的影響、參與的障礙與促進家長參與的策略。
為達成上述研究目的，以桃園縣一所國小作為研究個案，採用質性研究方法，運用訪談、觀察及文件分析等研究方法進行研究。內容上以訪談學校行政人員、教師、家長、學生之資料為主，並輔以觀察所得及相關文件資料，分析上述資料後，再運用三角測量法進行檢核，歸納出本研究的結論如下：
一、家長參與學校事務的現況：
(一)家長參與學校事務的原因受到內在因素與外在因素的影響。
(二)家長參與學校事務的內容有教務、訓輔、總務、人事、一般行
政等事項。
(三)家長參與學校事務的地點因家長參與事務內容的不同而有差別。
(四)家長參與學校事務的時間有定期與不定期的參與。
(五)家長在學校參與的組織、扮演的角色與參與的層級，決定了家長參與學校事務的方式。
二、家長參與學校事務的正面影響主要在於促進溝通與家長資源的投入，而負面影響主要在於因溝通不良而產生衝突。
三、家長參與學校事務的主要障礙是學校與教師的消極態度，而家長時間、能力不足與缺乏團體領導是家長參與程度無法提升的原因。
四、可在法令與組織、學校與教師、家庭與社區等三個層面發展促進家長參與學校事務的策略。

根據上述研究結果，分別對教育行政機關、學校、教師、家長及
未來研究提出之建議如下：
一、對教育行政機關之建議：
(一)制定相關法規，明確規定家長參與學校事務的權利與義務。
(二)在家長會組織與運作方面，賦予學校更大自主權。
二、對學校之建議：
(一)將家長參與列為校務發展之重要一環。
(二)提供家長更多元的參與管道和機會。
三、對教師之建議：
(一)以開放的心胸接納家長參與。
(二)無法消弭的親師衝突由學校秉公處理。
四、對家長之建議：
(一)提升家長參與學校事務的能力。
(二)選出有能力的領導者。
五、對未來研究之建議：
(一)在研究主題方面，可針對家長參與學校事務的各個層面作更深入的探討。
(二)在研究對象方面，可針對從未參與學校事務的家長作更深入的探討。
(三)在研究方法方面，若能兼顧「質」與「量」的研究，將使最後策略的提出更周全。

關鍵詞：家長參與、學校事務、質性研究、個案研究

關鍵字

個案研究 ； 家長參與 ； 質性研究 ； 學校事務

並列摘要

A Case Study of Parents’ Involvement in the Educational Affairs
at an Elementary School in the Tao-Yuan County

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find out the current situation of parents’ involvement in elementary school affairs, and approach its influence on the school and the obstacles to participate and the ways of encouraging participating.

In order to complete the study, I take an elementary school in Tao-Yuan County as an example, using material research methods, such as interview, observation and document analysis, to get on my study. The information derived from interview with school administrators, teachers, parents and students, is the main body of this study supplemented with the information of observation and relevant documents. After analyzing those data and documents, I use the method of triangulation to check and sum up following conclusion:

1. The current situation of parents’ involvement in school affairs:
(1) Interior factors and exterior factors are the main causes that influence parents to participate in school affairs.
(2) School affairs that parents’ involvement in mainly are studies, students, general affairs, personnel and general administration, etc.
(3) The venues for the parents to share school's affairs will differ.
(4) Some parents’ involvement in school affairs regularly and some irregularly.
(5) The way parents involvement in school affairs depends on the organization and the level they joined, and the role they played.
2. Promoting mutual communication and throwing parents’ resources in school are the positive influences that parents’ involvement in school affairs; conflict caused by bad communication is the negative influence.
3. The main obstacle to participate is the school and teachers with negative attitude. Time, capacity and team leader are the main reasons that make parents unwilling to participate in school affairs.
4. For promoting parents to participate in school affairs, the tactics is to start with (the development of) regulations and organizations, schools and teachers, family and community.

Based on the above study result, following suggestions are made for educational and administrative institutions, schools, teachers, parents and future studies:

1. Suggestions for educational and administrative institutions:
(1) Lay down rules and regulations stipulating clearly the rights and duties of the parents to participate in school affairs.
(2) In regard to the organization and operation of parent’s association, let the school has more power to act on its own
2. Suggestions for school:
(1) Make the parents participating an important factor in the development of school affairs.
(2) A variety of ways and chances should be offered to let parents to participate.
3. Suggestions for teachers:
(1) Accept parents to participate broad-mindedly.
(2) Let school to handle impartially the conflicts between parents and teachers that cannot be solved by themselves.
4. Suggestions for parents:
(1) Increase parent’s capacity of participating in school affairs.
(2) Appoint a leader who is the person of abilities.
5. Suggestions for future studies:
(1) For the subject of study, one can go further into each level of parents participating in school affairs.
(2) For the object of study, one can go further into those parents who never participate in school affairs.
(3) For the method of study, if one can give consideration to both “quality” and “quantity”, the suggestions made will be more comprehensive.

Key words: parents’ involvement, school affairs, material research methods, isolated case study.

並列關鍵字

parents' involvement ； educational affairs ； material research ； case study

參考文獻

林明地(1999)。家長參與學校教育的研究與實際：對教育改革的啟示。

國立新竹師範學院。

陳果真(2002）。再創台灣教育的春天，家長參與學校教育事務邁向法

楊惠琴(2000)。國小資優學生家長參與學校教育之研究。國立彰化師

劉曜源(2001)。國小美勞科教師教學信念之個案研究。國立高雄師範