摘要 本研究旨在探討桃園縣國小生父母管教方式、自我概念與同儕關係之現況與關聯性,並探討不同性別、出生序與父母社經地位的國小生之自我概念及同儕關係的差異性。本研究採問卷調查法,依據學校規模與所在區域分層隨機抽取11所學校,共450位國小高年級學童進行施測,有效樣本數為430份,有效回收率為95%。研究工具為「國小學童父母教養方式量表」、「國小兒童自我概念量表」、「國小學童同儕關係量表」;資料分析採用t考驗、變異數分析、積差相關、典型相關、偏差相關、多元迴歸、結構方程模式等統計方法,本研究之發現彙整如下: 一、國小生知覺父母管教方式、自我概念與同儕關係現況為中間程度以上。 二、不同性別之國小生其「學校我」、「身體我」、「情緒我」向度達顯著差異。 三、不同性別之國小生在同儕關係達顯著差異。 四、不同出生序之國小生在自我概念、同儕關係達顯著差異。 五、不同家庭結構之國小生其「為友伴喜愛」向度達顯著差異。 六、父母管教方式與國小生自我概念與同儕關係有顯著相關。 七、國小生所知覺之自我概念與其同儕關係有中度正相關。 八、父母管教方式、自我概念能顯著預測同儕關係。 九、父母管教方式經自我概念對同儕關係路徑模式具顯著因果關係。 最後依據本研究結論,分別針對學校、國小教師、家長以及後續研究等方面提出具體建議。
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlations among parenting styles, self-concept and peer relationship of elementary school students in Taoyuan county. The methodology was questionnaire survey. The valid return rate was 95% and 430 students participated in the present study and responded to a set of instruments, including the Parenting Style Scale, the Self-Concept Scale and the Peer Relationship Scale. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, MANOVA, Pearson Product-moment correlation, partial correlation, canonical correlations, multiple regression, and structural equation model. The major findings were as follows: 1.The students perceived a middle-high level for parenting style, self-concept and peer relationship. 2.The students with different gender showed significant differences in school, physical, and emotion dimensions of self-concept. 3.The students with different gender showed significant differences in peer relationship. 4.The students with different birth order showed significant differences in self- concept and peer relationship. 5.There were significant differences in the dimension of “liked by peers ” in peer relationship in terms of family status. 6.There were significant correlations among parenting style, self-concept, and peer relationship. 7.Parenting styles and self-concept significantly predicted peer relationship. 8.The causal model from parenting style through self-concept to peer relationship was validated.